螺栓35CrMoA在湿硫化氢环境中应力腐蚀断裂的实验研究-化工过程机械专业毕业论文.docxVIP

A A Th Exp ， ≮ ＼．一 卜’ 1 X 升， 升，l\ lf - 丁· 气 j一。。?。j～ ’^ 摘要 摘要 螺栓在湿硫化氢环境中的断裂事故时有发生，35CrMoA是一种常 用的螺栓材料，研究螺栓(35CrMoA)在湿硫化氢环境中断裂的机理、 - 电。 原因对于化工设备的安全运行具有重要意义。 一 本文设计了一套螺栓应力腐蚀实验装置，在NACE TM一0卜77标准 溶液中研究了螺栓(35CrMoA)在湿硫化氢环境中的断裂问题。从断 裂力学的原理出发，用数值分析方法计算了试样裂纹前沿的应力强度 因子；对实验材料的化学成分、金相组织和常规力学性能进行了实验 研究；对试样断口进行了宏观分析和微观形貌分析。 本文实验结果表明：在湿硫化氢环境中，螺栓(35CrMoA)的轴 向应力超过一定的值会发生应力腐蚀断裂。本文初步得到了断裂时间 和螺栓轴向应力之间的关系。试件应力强度因子研究的结果表明：引 入一个修正因子后可以用平板单边裂纹的计算公式近似计算圆柱表 面平直裂纹的应力强度因子。本文研究结果对于化工设备安全运行及 金属应力腐蚀理论研究有重要参考价值。 卜、 ■ 工 关键词：螺栓；硫化氢；应力腐蚀；35CrMoA钢 11 11 4 少 4 少，气 4 ‘ Abstract——-——————————————————————-——_———-_——’_————————————————————一一 Abstract ——-——————————————————————-——_———-_——’_————————————————————一一 Abstract The failure of bolt in wet hydrogen sulfide(H2S)environment often happens．35CrMoA is a typical steel of bolt．Study on the failure of bolt used in wet H2S environment is very important for the safety of chemical equipment． A set of experimental device is designed to research on stress corrosion problem about 35 CrMoA bolt in a wet hydrogen sulfide according to NACE standard NACE TM一0 1—77．Based on the principle of fracture mechanics the stress intensity factor of precut crack in experimental bolt is calculated by numeric analysis approach．Study is completed on the chemical constitution， metallurgical structure and conventional mechanical performance．The surface of failure bolt is inspected by macroscopic and microscopic method． Based on comprehensive analysis of experimental results，the following conclusion can be gotten，that is，stress corrosion cracking(SCC)will happen if the axial stress of bolt is more than a critical value．The relation between axial stress and failure length of bolt in wet H2S environment is tested． Based on the result of numeric analysis of the stress intensity factor of precut crack，it can be gotten that plane method can be used to solve the problem about stress intensity factor K of flat surface crack in cylinder after introduce 卜 f a corrective factor．The result