铝土矿浮选尾矿的改性及对溶液中离子吸附性能的研究-再生材料工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

矿吸附Pb(II)离子后，其表面zeta电位正值增大，等电点从3．63升 矿吸附Pb(II)离子后，其表面zeta电位正值增大，等电点从3．63升 至5．86，增加了2．23。 溶液化学计算分析表明：尾矿改性后，其表面可能吸附了 Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+及Fe(OH)3等羟基铁物质。铬离子的最佳吸附 pH值为3．52，对应主要组分为HCr04‘，铅离子的最佳吸附pH值为 6．2，对应主要组分为pb2+、PbOH+。 红外光谱分析表明，尾矿经氯化铁改性后，3453cm1自由的OH 伸缩振动吸收峰增强，一C—CH3特征峰消失，Si．O和Al—O峰的吸 收减弱，证明了铁离子以羟基铁的形式在尾矿表面存在。Cr(vI)离 子溶液与改性尾矿作用后在672cm1处还出现了一个新峰，新峰对 应为Cr2072。离子的特征峰，表明Cr(Xq)离子溶液与改性尾矿表面发 生化学吸附并生成了新的物质。 通过等温吸附模型计算，改性尾矿对Cr(VI)离子的吸附能很好 地符合Freundlich模型，而原尾矿对Pb(II)的吸附则符合Langmuir 描述。动力学模型计算得出，二级动力学方程比一级动力学方程更 适合于改性尾矿对Cr(VI)离子和原尾矿对Pb(II)离子的吸附数据。 关键词铝土矿尾矿，FeCI，，改性，离子，吸附 Ⅱ ABSTRACTAluminosilicate-tailings ABSTRACT Aluminosilicate-tailings are the main waste generated during aluminum production from bauxite by a combined Bayer Process and bauxite flotation method．It is reported that 0．2 tons of aluminosilicate-tailings will be generated when l tons of bauxite ore is treated by flotation．The enormous quantity of railings generated every year posses a very serious and alarming environmental problem,such as dust pollution caused by fine particles，land occupation and SO on．The main compositions of bauxite tailings age diaspore，kaolinlite，illite and pyrophyllite．So，on the basis of summary and analyse of many interrelated documents both at home and abroad，systematical experiments had been carried out in order to fund out effective and low-cost sorbent and realize the renewable use ofbauxite tailings． Various ions had been used for the study of removal behaviors of bauxite tailings under the different conditions by modilying and adsorption test．Various measurement techniques had been carried out． such as photoelectron spectroscopy analysis，Zeta potential measurement,infiared spectroscopy,micrography,account of solution chemistry,thermodynamics and kinetics to determine the reaction mechanisms between sorbents and minerals． The results of modifying tests indicate that leaching is more effective than calcinations．Hydrochloric acid and FeCl3 modified bauxite tailings are more effective than