马铁菊头蝠夏季对鳞翅目昆虫的捕食策略研究-环境科学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

AbstractRhinolophus Abstract Rhinolophus ferrumequinum has been marked as all endangered species in Europe and has been listed as an LR／nt species into IUCN Red List of Threatened Species．Study of foraging strategies of R．ferrumequinum is one of major fields in bats study．Foraging strategies ofKferrumequinum were studied in the summer at Ji’an city,including diet(mainly Lepidoptera insects)，foraging tactics and changes of echolocation calls in different states，etc． The results were as follows： 1．The diet of graeater horseshoe bats in the summer was consisted of Lepidoptera(75 ％by number)，Coleoptera(6％)，Hymenoptera(5％)，Homoptera(5％)andDipterainsects (3％)，together wjth 6％unidentified insects．Lepidoptera insects included 11 families，more than 30 species of moths,such as Noctuidae(relative number percentage of Lepidoptera insects36．6％)，Sphingidae(24．1％)，Gcometridae(13．4％)and Limacodidae(9$％)．ne length of forewings ranged from 5--40mm(99．5％1 and 60---65mm(O．5 oA)．The result of Pearson correlation analysis showed that foraging of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum might be selective，not random． 2．Foraging tactics mostly included two ways：aerial hawking during the period of the peak of insects activity and flycatching during the insects’non·peak activity period．Ground gleaning Was not observed．Insects by captured in the air were small(winglength 5-20mm) through observing and measuring,while insects captured by flycatching were large(10·40mm and 60·65ram)．The bats never ate larger insects in flight；instead，they perched themselves from a high place(top of the wire netting)，selectively dismembered prey items and ate high nutritional parts(heads and abdomens)，while discarding wings，antennas，etc(mainly wings)． 3．Echolocation calls of R．fermmequinum were(FM)／CR『FM type in flying and hanging states．Duration time and interval time of pulse were decreased aburtly when the bats were apporaching prey items，at the same time，terminal FM became more significant．Foraging buzz was emitted at