铝土矿制备液体无铁硫酸铝的研究-化学工程专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 要 本文主要研究了以中低品位的铝土矿为原料，在高温加压的条件 下，用硫酸溶解的方法，从铝土矿中生产液体无铁硫酸铝的工艺过程。 文中主要对铝土矿的选择、铝土矿的酸解过程、铝土矿酸解液的沉降、 液体硫酸铝的除铁等主要生产工艺进行了详细的实验和讨论，论述了 不同产地、品位的铝土矿对于酸溶法的适应情况；详细研究了酸的浓 度、酸矿比、酸解温度、压力、时间对于铝土矿酸解率的影响，讨论 了絮凝剂在铝土矿酸解体系中的使用效果：确定了经济有效的硫酸铝 的除铁方法。 研究结果表明，本方法所选的铝土矿需符合以下几点要求：氧化 铝含量要在50％以上，且能高更好；所选矿要易溶于硫酸；所选铝土 矿的铁含量要尽量低，铝铁比要大于35：铁含量尽可能小于1．5％。 本实验最终研究选取的铝土矿，在酸解过程中铝土矿过量1 8％，硫酸 浓度为55％。酸解反应压力O．25MPa～0．3MPa，偏高为好，温度120 ℃～135℃，最佳温度为I 30℃，反应时间6～8h。对沉淀剂F沉淀除 铁做了详细的研究，最后选取沉淀剂F沉淀法除铁的工艺，在沉淀剂 加入量为8％、操作温度为25℃、反应时间为60～75min时，液体硫 酸铝中铁含量小于30ppm使生产的液体硫酸铝达到了无铁级产品的 要求。 【关键字l： 铝土矿， 酸解， 硫酸铝， 除铁 【论文类型】： 应用研究 AbsractAbstract Absract Abstract In paper，the middle and low—grade bauxite was taken as a raw material．The manufacturing liquid non-iron aluminium sulfate from bauxite．in the condition of high pressure and temperature and with the method of dissolving which with the sulfuric acid were studied．The experiment mainly studied the choice of bauxite，the process of acid digestion and the sedimentation of acid digestion liquor and the way to EIiminated the iron from 1iquid aluminium Sulfate．The paper introduced the complexion of different bauxite in acid digestion．The influenee of the concentration of acid，the proportion of acid to bauxite，the temperature．the pressure and the time of the rate of acid digestion were studied．The condition of the floceulation was also studied．An efficient way to Eliminate the iron was foUnd． According to the experiment，the bauxite must accord with the condition：AI 20 3％was above 50％．The bauxite easy digestion． Iron content of bauxite iS best to lOW，The weight ratio of Al to Fe was above 35．Iron content of bauxite iS better Iess than 1．5％．In the acid digestion process，the bauxite must be excessive than acid 1 8％，the concentration of acid iS 55％。the pressure iS 0．25M[pan 0．3MPa，the temperature iS 120℃～1 35℃．The best iS l 30℃．The time of reaction iS 6～8 hours．The F was used in eliminating the iron from aluminium sulfate．The quantity is 8％of the aluminium sulfate liquor．T