Unit-5：The-Sampling-Theorem.pptVIP

专 业 英 语 Unit 5： NEW WORDS AND PHRASES theorem n. 定理，定律，法则 exploit vt. 开拓，开发，利用 sequence n. 次序，顺序，序列 instantaneous adj. 瞬间的，即刻的，即时的 reproducible adj. 可再生的，可复制的 cut off n. 截止，中止，切掉 replication n. 复制，重现 perceive v. 感知，感到，认识到 aliasing n. 混淆现象，混叠 Nyquist rate n. 奈奎斯特（抽样）速率 TEXT This somewhat surprising property follows from a basic result that is referred to as the sampling theorem. This theorem is extremely important and useful. somewhat :稍微, 有点, 有些 follow from：是从[根据]...得出的 saturate:饱和 这有点不可思议的性质是根据抽样定理这个基本结论得出的。这个理论及其重要且非常有用 It is exploited, for example, in moving pictures, which consist of a sequence of individual frames, each of which represents an instantaneous view (i.e., a sample in time) of a continuously changing scene. exploit: 使用,开拓, 开发, 开采 moving pictures : 活动图象, 电影 individual :个别的, 单独的, 个人的 frame: 帧,画面,框架 instantaneous: 瞬间的, 即刻的, 即时的 例如，抽样定理在电影里得到了利用。电影由一组按时序排列的单个画面所组成，其中每一个画面都代表着连续变化景象中的一个瞬时画面（即时间样本）。 When these samples are viewed in sequence at a sufficiently fast rate, we perceive an accurate representation of the original continuously moving scene. in sequence：顺次, 挨次 perceive：察觉，感知，感到 当我们以极快的速度来顺次观察这些瞬时画面时，感觉到的就是对原来连续活动场景的一个准确再现。 Given these samples, we can reconstruct x(t) by generating a periodic impulse train in which successive impulses have amplitudes that are successive sample values. impulse train ：脉冲序列 successive ： 连续的; 逐位的 已知这些样本值，我们可以用以下方法重构x(t)：产生一个周期的脉冲序列，其中连续脉冲的幅度等于依次而来的样本值。 This impulse train is then processed through an ideal lowpass filter with gain T and cutoff frequency greater than ωm and less than ωs-ωm. The resulting output signal will exactly equal x (t) . ideal lowpass filter ：理想低通滤波器 gain ：增益 cutoff frequency：截止频率 然后将脉冲串通过一个增益为T，截止频率大于ωm，而小于ωs-ωm的理想低通滤波器，产生的输出信号将精确的等于 x(t)。 The frequency 2ωm, which, under the sampling theorem, must be exceeded by the sampling frequency, is commonly referred to as the Nyquist rate. exceed：超过，超越…的界限 successive ： 连续的; 逐位的 在抽样定理中，抽样频率必须超过2ωm ，通常将2ωm称作Nyquist 速率。 In previous discussi