基于单片机的光源自动跟踪系统设计.docVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 基于单片机的光源自动跟踪系统设计 摘 要 与其他能源相比, 太阳能具有独特的优点, 向太阳这个取之不尽的能源宝库索取能量,实现人类历史上的能源变革,已成为今后能源开发的主要趋向。用现代化方法大规模地开发利用太阳能,已成为摆在人们面前的一项重要任务。然而它也存在着间歇性、光照方向和强度随时间不断变化的问题, 这就对太阳能的收集和利用提出了更高的要求。目前很多太阳能电池板阵列没有充分利用太阳能资源, 发电效率低下。据实验, 在太阳能光发电中, 相同条件下采用自动跟踪发电设备要比固定发电设备的发电量提高35%左右，因此在太阳能利用中进行跟踪是十分必要的。光源跟踪技术是一项实用的技术,在很多领域均有应用,尤其是在太阳能设备上,能够使其工作效率更高,能量吸收率更高。 给出了一种基于单片机的光源自动跟踪系统设计方案, 该设计使用TI公司的超低功耗的AT89C51单片机作为整个系统的控制核心，主要由电机驱动，光源检测等组成。利用4路光敏传感器来检测光源的位置并将检测到的信号经过放大传给控制器AT89C51单片机，经过单片机的运算和处理来确定光源的运动趋势，并将运算的控制信号传给两台步进电机，使其跟随光源运动。当水平方向上的2路光敏传感器管测量数值相对接近，同时竖直方向上的2路光敏传感器测量数值也相对接近时，位于竖直传感器中间的激光笔将精确的指向光源。同时将光敏传感器检测的信号显示在LCD液晶屏幕上。 关键词：AT89C51单片机，光源，自动跟踪，检测，传感器 ABSTRACT Compared with other energy, solar energy has a unique advantage, the inexhaustible energy treasure to the sun for energy, realize the energy change in human history, has become the main future energy development trend. With modern methods for the development and utilization of solar energy on a large scale, has become an important task in front of people. However it also has intermittent, illumination direction and intensity of changing over time, this is the collection and utilization of solar energy put forward higher requirements. At present many solar panel array did not make full use of solar energy resources, power generation efficiency is low. According to the experiment, in the solar energy light electricity, under the same conditions using automatic tracking power equipment to around 35% higher than that of fixed power equipment capacity, therefore in the solar tracking is very necessary. Light source tracking technology is a practical technology, are applied in many fields, especially in solar energy equipment, able to make it work more efficient, higher energy absorption. This design gives a light source automatic tracking system based on single chip design scheme, the design USES TI companys ultra-low power consumption of AT89C51 as the control core of the whole sy