微纳光纤及其应用.pdfVIP

微纳光子学专题 微纳光纤及其应用* 2015－05－07收到 † email：phytong@zju.edu.cn 伍晓芹 王依霈 童利民† DOI：10.7693/w (浙江大学光电信息工程学系 现代光学仪器国家重点实验室 杭州 310027) Optical microfibers and their applications WU Xiao-Qin WANG Yi-Pei TONG Li-Min† ( Department of Optical Engineering ，State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation ， Zhejiang University ，Hangzhou 310027 ，China ) 摘 要 微纳光纤是一种直径接近或小于传输光波长的波导，由物理拉伸方法制 得，具有表面光滑、直径均匀性好、机械性能高、强光场约束、强倏逝场、表面场增强效应 及反常波导色散等特性，在光通信、激光、传感检测、非线性光学、量子光学等领域具有重 要的应用前景。 关键词 微纳光纤，光波导，纳米光子学，近场耦合，传感器，发光器件， 非线性光学，原子光学，量子光学 Abstract Optical microfibers and nanofibers have diameters close to or smaller than the wavelength of the guided light. Fabricated by physical drawing of glass or polymer materials, these tiny fibers show excellent surface smoothness and diameter uniformity, high mechanical strength, tight optical confinement, strong evanescent field, significant surface field enhancement, and large and abnormal waveguide dispersion, which bestow them with a variety of applications in fields ranging from optical communication, laser technology, sensors, nonlinear optics, and quantum op- tics. Keywords micro-nano fiber, optical waveguides, nanophotonics, near-field coupling, sensors, light emitting devices, nonlinear optics, atom optics, quantum optics 1 引言 (1) 强光场约束。微纳光纤具有强光场约束能 力，其传输光束的等效模场截面尺寸一般在λ/n 作为光纤光学与纳米技术的完美结合，微纳 的量级(其中 为传输光的真空波长，n 为光纤材λ 光纤是近年来发展起来的光纤光学及微纳光子学