输电线路单相接地故障测距算法研究毕业设计(论文).doc

PAGE PAGE I 毕 业 毕 业 设 计(论文) ` 院 系 电力工程系 专业班级 农业电气化与自动化0901班 学生姓名 王雯婷 指导教师 王 宁 输电线路单相接地故障测距算法研究 题 目 二 二○一三年六月 华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文） PAGE II 输电线路单相接地故障 测距算法研究 摘要 输电线路是电力系统的重要组成部分，是电力系统的命脉，精确的输电线路故障测距对保证电力系统的安全稳定和经济运行有着十分重要的作用。然而，电力系统本身是一个复杂的动态系统，基于经济因素考虑，长距离、重负荷的输电系统常常运行在临界稳定的状态下，当系统发生扰动、故障等情况时会不可避免地存在各种复杂多样的动态过程。 文章首先介绍了各种测距方法的基本原理，并将现有的各种测距方法分为行波测距、单端测距和双端测距三类，然后逐类对各种算法的理论基础和应用条件进行了分析、对比和讨论。然后主要针对一种单回线双端电气量测距算法进行研究，相比于传统的算法该算法提出了实部相等的解决办法，再利用故障分量进行测距计算，这样一来可以消除负荷电流的影响，并且测距精度也几乎不受过渡电阻、故障类型等因素的影响。 最后通过MTLAB仿真，对全波傅氏算法和全波差分傅氏算法进行了比较，最后得出全波差分傅氏算法滤波效果更好，测距结果更精确。而对应于不同的过渡电阻，实际测量到的故障距离相差不大，说明过渡电阻对于测距影响不大。 关键词：输电线路；故障测距方法；双端测距算法；MATLAB/simulink仿真 TRANSMISSION LINE OF SINGLE-PHASE GROUNDING FAULT LOCATION ALGORITHMS Abstract As an important elements of power system, transmission line is the lifeblood of the power system. So, precise fault location method for transmission line plays a very important role in ensuring security, stability and economic operation of power system. Yet, it is a complex and dynamic system for power system itself, and long and heavy transmission line systems are often running in the critical stable state based on some economic benefits. When some disturbances or faults occured, a variety of complex and dynamic process will inevitably exist in transmission line system. The article first introduces the basic principles of a variety of methods ranging and ranging method is divided into various existing traveling wave, single-ended and double-ended ranging ranging three categories, then the various algorithms by category theory and application conditions were analyzed, compared and discussed. Then focused on a single-loop algorithm for two-terminal electrical quantities ranging study, compared to the conventional algorithm the algorithm proposed real part equal solutions for fault component reuse distance calculations, so that the load can be eliminated currents, and the ranging precision is almost free from transition resistance, fault type and ot