深松土对玉米根系生长发育的影响-吉林农业大学学报.PDFVIP

DOI :10.13327/j.j jlau.2000.04.019 吉林农业大学学报　2000, 22 (4):73 ～75, 80 J ournal of J ilin Agr icu lt ur al Un iversi ty 宋　日　吴春胜　牟金明　徐克章 (吉林农业大学农学院　长春 130118) 　:田间试验与调查研究表明:吉林省大部分玉米产区土壤有 实的犁底层存在, 此层位于地表下约 20 cm, 其 硬度约为耕层的3 倍, 厚度范围为7 ～ 11 cm。 采用深松措施打破犁底层, 可明显地降低土壤的 硬度, 增加土壤的蓄水保水能力, 改善根系生长的生态条件, 促进根系生长, 使根干重显著增加。 打破犁底层 后, 各层土壤中根量分布都有明显的下移趋势, 而且能提高玉米生长后期的根系活力和抗逆性, 使玉米百粒重 增加 2.6%～ 3.1%。 深松后的第二年也有增产后效的作用(增产7.8%～ 8.6%), 并且胜于当年(增产 6.2%～ 8.0%), 深松土同时结合深施肥效果更佳。 :玉米;深松;根系 :S34 1.1　　　:A 　　　:1000-5684(2000)04-0073-03 Effect of Subsoiling on Root Growthof Maize SONG Ri, W U Chun-sheng, M U Jin-ming, XU Ke-hang (Col lege of Agronomy ,J i lin Agr icu lt ura l Un iversity , Changchun 130118, China ) Abstract:The field experiments and investigation show ed that in the most corn-planting areas of Jilin province there existed a solid plough pan, w hich usually lay s at the depth of about 20 cm, w ith a thickness of 7 ～11 cm, a solidity of three times as that of plough layer.It w as proved that breaking the plough pan by subsoiling im proved the ecological conditions w ith a sig nificant reduc- tio n of solidity, an increase of soil capacity on w ater depositing and holding.So subsoiling promot - ed the grow th of corn root system, and the dry weight of roots increased obviously .The distribu- tio n of corn roots in various soil layers tended to go dow n after the measure, which increased root activity and led to a better drought resistance in the late period of corn grow th and the increase of about 2 .6%to 3.1%gram s per 100 grains.The total increase of corn y ield ranged from 6 .2%to 8.0%in the first year but from 7 .8%to 8.6%in the follow ing year .These effects w ere even evident when breaking plo