美国以房养老模式及其对我国的启示-公共管理专业毕业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 随着我国社会老龄化程度的加深，养老资本投入不足，产生了巨大的缺口，而 我国现阶段的养老保障体系很难解决这个问题。在新、旧体制剧烈转变的阶段，以 前的养老体系已难以为继，新的养老体系未得到充分的完善，相应的社会保险体系 尚不健全，养老体系存在着很大的资金问题。因而，养老不仅仅是一个家庭的事情， 也不仅仅是关于资金问题，也是一个非常重要的社会问题、民生问题，事关老年人 的幸福安康，事关社会的和谐稳定。在这种严峻的养老形势下，如何尽快完善养老 保障体系，改革创新养老保障思路，探索、开辟新的养老资金来源，具有极强的现 实针对性和必要性。 本文研究的“以房养老”模式，是老龄化社会背景下养老保障的一个新思路， 也可能会成为我国拓宽养老资金来源、完善养老保障体系的一条新途径。文中主要 针对我国现阶段养老模式的困境与缺陷而进行的对策性研讨。实现养老体系的完善、 增加养老资本的来源、突破现阶段的养老困难，就必须突破既有模式，拓宽思路， 开阔视野，创新研究。 本文试图分析美国“以房养老”模式的实践经验，结合数据和实例，对能否及 如何在我国开展“以房养老”这一创新型的养老模式进行探讨。通过深入分析“以 房养老”的内涵及美国的“以房养老”模式，明确住房反向抵押贷款产品的本质、 原理及经营规则，从理论的源头给我国发展“以房养老”业务的可行性进行论证。 其次，从我国现实条件出发，分析实施“以房养老”业务的既有条件及存在的缺陷， 并且据此重点分析、探讨在我国实施“以房养老”的可能路径及相关注意事项，为 操作层面提供可选择的借鉴与启迪。 关键词：以房养老；美国模式；启示； II II Abstract Our society has witnessed a deep demographic trend which is towards an older population. For the shortage of pension funds, it is difficult for our country to solve the problem. With the sharp transition from old system to new one, the old is hard to continue while the new one lacks the full development, and the sound social security is not yet established, large funds shortage still exists. The old-age care is not only a matter of a family and pension funds, but also a matter of social problem and people’s livelihood. It is a decisive factor for the elderly’s health and happiness as well as the harmony and stability of a society. Under the grim situation of the old-age care in China, it is necessary to improve the social security system, reform the thinking, explore and tap financial resources. The mode we explore in this paper is a new idea as well as a new path for pension funds source. It aims at discussing the difficulties and deficiencies of nowadays’ mode of old-age care in China. Aiming at realizing the improvement of the social security system, tapping financial sources, and breaking through the difficulties, it is crucial to break through the old mode, open mind and create new research in this respect. Based on data and cases, the paper attempts to analyze the prac