语言学导论--语言习得PPTLanguageAcquisition.pptVIP

Language Acquisition 10.1 Introduction Language acquisition refers to the child’s acquisition of his mother tongue. e.g. how the child comes to understand and speak the language of his community. 10.2 Theories of child language acquisition There are mainly three different theories concerning how language is learned: The behaviorist view (B. F. Skinners ) The innatist view (Chomsky ) The interactionist view A behaviorist view of language acquisition行为主义者的语言习得观 Traditional behaviorists view language as behavior and believe that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation. Imitation and practice are preliminary, discrimination and generalization are key to language development in this theory. Imitation(模仿): word for word repetition of all or part of an utterance e.g. Mother: Would you like some bread and peanut butter? Katie: Some bread and peanut butter. Practice: repetitive manipulation of one structure / pattern e.g. I can handle it, Hannah can handle it. WE can handle it. They imitate words selectively and according to their own understandings of the sounds or patterns. What they imitate must be based on what the children have already known instead of what is “available” in the environment. An innatist view of language acquisition语法天生主义者的语言习得观 Human beings are biologically programmed for language and that the language develops in the child just as other biological functions such as walking. Language acquisition device: LAD 语言习得机制 The LAD was described as an imaginary “black box” existing somewhere in the human brain. Universal Grammar (UG)普遍语法 Children are pre-equipped with UG, then what they have to learn is the ways in which their own language makes use of these principles and the variations on those principles which may exist in the particular language they are learning. An interactionist view of language acquisition互动主义的语言习得观 The interactionist view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay