毕业论文：《盘刹钻机自动送钻系统的研究》.doc

PAGE 盘刹钻机自动送钻系统的研究 摘 要：自动送钻系统是根据石油钻井工艺要求而开发的一种新型的控制系统。使用自动送钻系统不仅能够降低司钻工人的劳动强度，而且还可以提高钻井速度、降低钻井成本。 本文首先介绍了自动送钻的发展状况以及石油钻机工艺，而后阐述了以西门子s7-300PLC为中心的控制系统。本文描述的自动送钻系统是一套基于液压盘式刹车的系统，即通过控制盘式刹车的刹车力，来维持钻头处的钻压基本稳定，实现自动送钻。 在工程实际中，需控制的系统常常存在着不确定性、高度非线性、时变、时滞等特性，要建立精确的数学模型往往是比较困难的，钻井过程就具有这样的性质。因此，智能控制应运而生。其中以基于模糊规则、建立在模糊逻辑基础上的模糊控制在理论上较为成熟，在应用中行之有效。本文将模糊控制应用于石油钻井的自动送钻系统，以求获得良好的计算机实时控制效果。 本文最后简要介绍了自动送钻监控系统的人机界面设计，设计宗旨是简单、明了、易操作。 关键词：自动送钻，PLC，模糊控制， Abstract：The auto-driller is a kind of new control system according to the technology of oil-drilling .The working violence of worker during operating driller can be reduced ,the velocity of oil-drilling can be improved and the cost of oil-drilling can also be reduced if we use the auto-driller system to drill oil . In this paper ,I described development of the auto-driller system and the technique of driller ,then the composing of control system that as the center to siemens s7-300PLC is described .The auto-driller system which the paper described is based on the disc brake ,the skid strength from the disc brake can maintain the press of the drill ,thus the drilling can operated at approximately a constant press . For many engineering control projects it is difficult to obtain a precise mathematical model of the system because the system is very complex ,nonlinear and uncertain ,drilling has this Characteristics .In order to overcome these difficulties ,intelligent control emerge as times require as basis of the intelligent automation .The theory of fuzzy control ,including fuzzy rules and fuzzy logic ,is relatively mature ,and used effectively .This paper proposes to use adaptive fuzzy control in field of auto-driller system to obtain favorable real time control effect . At the last of the paper ,I described the HMI of the auto-driller system ,the aim of the design is simple ,clear and easy to operate . Keywords: Auto-driller PLC Fuzzy control 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 绪论 h 1 1.1 课题背景 h 1 1.2 国内外发展现状 h 2 1.2.1 国