住宅楼砖混结构基础设计_毕业设计.doc

毕业设计 PAGE II PAGE IV 住宅楼砖混结构基础设计 摘 要 本工程为多层砖混民用住宅。建筑层数为六层、建筑高度为19.5m，基底占地面积为574.33㎡、总建筑面积3470.0㎡。抗震设防烈度7度、场地类别为Ⅱ类，结构设计使用年限为50年。本工程为二类建筑，耐火等级为二级，工程±0.00同绝对标高13.38m。 砖混结构是指建筑物中竖向承重结构的墙、附壁柱等采用砖或砌块砌筑，柱、梁、楼板、屋面板、桁架等采用钢筋混凝土结构。通俗地讲，砖混结构是以小部分钢筋混凝土及大部分砖墙承重的结构，又称钢筋混凝土混合结构。因为砖混结构的主要承重结构是粘土砖，所以砖的形状及强度就决定了房屋的强度。可以这样说，砖的形状越规则，砂浆的强度越高，灰缝越薄越均匀，砌体的强度就越高，房屋的耐用年限就越长。 结构设计依据国家相关规范进行：计算各楼板和屋面板的恒荷载，同时确定活载值。根据荷载设计值计算出楼面和屋面的配筋。将板上均布荷载传给各墙,然后根据各墙所受荷载及墙体自重，验算墙体抗压承载力。根据抗震设防数据及结构重力荷载代表值，计算出水平地震作用下的各墙承担的剪力，并验算墙体的抗剪承载力。计算出各段基础上部荷载，并由此确定基础类型和配筋。 经过验算，该结构符合安全性、可靠性要求。 关键词:砖混结构、基础设计、住宅楼 Abstract This engineering is a multistory building. It is a brick and concrete mixed structure. The building has six tiers,building height is 19.5m. Gross building area is 574.33m2,total floor space is 3470.0m2. Intensity of anti-seismic de--fence is establishe to 7 degree. The field is classification isⅡ.The structureis designed to use 50 years.The engineering is the second type building,itsrefractory ranks the second grade.The engineering is designed elevation is equal to 13.38 of absolute elevation . Brick and concrete structure refers to the vertical bearing structure of the building wall, pilaster adopts brick or block masonry, column, beam, floor, roof panel, truss adopting reinforced concrete structure. Generally speaking, a brick and concrete structure is reinforced concrete and brick wall bearing most of the structure, also known as reinforced concrete composite structure. Because the brick and concrete structure, main bearing structure is clay brick, so brick shape and strength to determine the strength of the house. It can be said that the shape of the brick, the rules of the mortar strength is higher, the mortar joint thin more uniform, the strength of the masonry is higher, the building of the service life is longer. Structural design accords to the national special codes: first of all,we calcu--late each floor and roof is dead live of slab,and carry live load at same time.According to computation