沥青树脂基活性炭的制备及其性能研究-化学工艺专业毕业论文.docxVIP

highest discharge specific capacitors (176F/g in current density at 50mA/g) and small internal resistance. The resole-type phenolic resin has been chosen as raw materials for preparing millimeter size hollow carbon spheres, which was made at ordinary pressure and water bath condition, the best spherical and activation conditions have been explored at the same time. Presumably the hollow spheres were caused by gathering a large sums of gas at the center of those spheres during the curing stage, and finally formed largest hollow parts about 300μm. The specific surface area and mechanical strength of the hollow activated carbon spheres were reached 1117m2/g and 3.5N. KEY WORDS：Activated carbon; Pitch; Phenolic resin; Pore structure; Hollow activated carbon spheres 目 录 第一章 文献综述1 1.1 活性炭1 1.1.1 活性炭的定义与来源1 1.1.2 活性炭的结构与性质3 1.1.3 活性炭的制备5 1.1.4 活性炭的分类6 1.1.5 活性炭的应用6 1.2 沥青基球形活性炭7 1.2.1 沥青的基本性能7 1.2.2 沥青基球形活性炭的制备8 1.3 酚醛树脂基球形活性炭10 1.3.1 酚醛树脂的基本性质10 1.3.2 酚醛树脂基球形活性炭的制备11 1.4 中空球形活性炭的研究13 1.4.1 中空球形活性炭的制备13 1.4.2 中空球形活性炭的应用15 1.5 双电层电容器16 1.5.1 双电层电容器的储能机理16 1.5.2 双电层电容器的主要性能指标18 1.5.3 沥青基与酚醛树脂基活性炭作为电极材料的研究进展19 1.6 课题的提出和主要研究内容20 第二章 实验部分21 2.1 实验原料及设备21 2.1.1 主要实验原料21 2.1.2 主要化学试剂22 2.2 主要实验仪器与设备22 2.3 沥青/树脂基颗粒活性炭的制备23 2.3.1 沥青的调制23 2.3.2 沥青/树脂复合颗粒的制备24 2.3.3 沥青/树脂基颗粒活性炭的制备24 2.4 沥青/树脂基球形活性炭的制备25 2.4.1 成球沥青的调制25 2.4.2 沥青/树脂基球形活性炭的制备26 2.5 中空球形活性炭的制备26 2.5.1 中空微球的制备26 2.5.2 中空球形活性炭的制备27 2.6 炭电极的制备及电容器的组装27 2.6.1 炭电极的制备27 2.6.2 电容器的组装28 2.6.3 电化学性能测试28 2.7 结构表征手段29 2.7.1 体式显微镜观察29 2.7.2 偏光显微镜观察(OM) 29 2.7.3 扫描电子显微镜观察(SEM) 29 2.7.4 热失重分析(TGA) 30 2.7.5 比表面积及孔结构分析(N2-BET) 30 2.7.6 透射电子显微镜观察(TEM) 30 2.7.7 傅立叶红外光谱分析(FT-IR) 31 2.7.8 苯的静态吸脱附实验测试31 2.7.9 机械强度测试31 2.7.10 球形度计算31 第三章 沥青/树脂基活性炭的研究33 3.1 引言33 3.2 实验部分34 3.2.1 沥青/树脂基颗粒活性炭的制备34 3.2.2 沥青/树脂基球形活性炭的制备34 3.2.3 沥青/树脂基颗粒活性炭双电层电容器的组装34 3.3 原料性质表征34 3.3.1 元素分析34 3.3