三维机织复合材料力学模型及复合材料构件的疲劳分析-工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 三维机织复合材料力学模型及复合材料构件的疲劳分析 三维机织复合材料力学模型及复合材料构件的疲劳分析 摘 要 本文的研究包括两部分内容：第一部分建立了细观有限元和细观理论模型，研究了三维机 织复合材料的平均刚度和局部应力。第二部分预测了风机叶片根部的螺栓套在两种载荷形式下 的疲劳寿命。 第一部分： 1. 分别建立了三维机织复合材料的微、细观有限元单胞模型，用微观模型计算纤维束的弹 性常数和纤维直径尺度的局部应力；用细观单胞研究了复合材料的平均刚度和纤维束直径尺度 的细观应力。对于细观模型，将表面单胞与内部单胞区分开来，研究了两者之间的差异，着重 讨论了弯曲载荷下简化的细观单胞分析方法。 2. 建立了三维机织复合材料的微、细观理论模型，分别预测了纤维束和复合材料的平均刚 度。根据材料细观结构上的差异，将细观模型分解为几个部分，各部分之间考虑了变形和受力 协调，得到各单胞在面内拉伸、剪切和弯曲载荷下的平均应力分布，并将结果与有限元分析的 相比较。 第二部分：首先采用静强度设计法校核了一种疲劳当量载荷下风机叶片根部缠绕螺栓套的 复合材料的安全系数。进一步采用基于 Palmgren Miner 线性累积损伤法则的安全寿命估计方法， 并考虑纤维间断裂的判别准则，计算了螺栓套复合材料缠绕层在一种假定疲劳载荷下的寿命。 关键词：三维机织复合材料，周期性单胞，弯曲载荷，GRP 疲劳，线性累积损伤 本文的研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金项目10472045）的资助。 ⅰ ii ii PAGE PAGE vii Abstract This thesis contains two relatively independent parts. In part one, micro- and meso-scale finite element models were built to obtain the average stiffness and local stresses of the three dimensional woven composites. In part two, the fatigue life of the composite strap, which warps around the cap of bottom bolt of the blade of wind turbine, was estimated. Part one: The micro- and meso-scale finite element models of of 3D woven composites were built. The micro model was used to calculate the average stiffness and local stresses of fiber tow, while the meso one was used to obtain those mechanical properties of three dimensional woven composites. The meso-scale unit cells for the surface area and interior area were modeled separately to investigate the discrepancy between them. The simplified meso unit model simulating bending load was specified. The theoretical meso-scale models of 3D woven composites were built, respectively. The average stiffness of the composites were calculated by them parallel to the numerical models. In the meso theoretical model, meso architecture was partitioned to several parts according to the local fiber direction and local fiber density. The local iso-stress or iso-strain conditions are considered between various parts. The stiffness and local st