论福柯的尊严观-社会学专业论文.docxVIP

111 111 1 1 IIII II II 1 111 1 IIl {Y1 91 21 08 摘要 国务院总理温家宝在2010年春节团拜会上强调，要让民众活得 更有尊严。可见，尊严问题已成为当前党和政府极为重视的重大问题 之一。米歇尔·福柯是20世纪极富挑战性和反叛性的哲学家和思想 家、社会学家，其思想对各个学科、各个领域都产生了重大影响。因 此，研究福柯这样一位20世纪著名的思想家的尊严观，有助于我们 了解尊严的真正内涵，为我国的社会建设提供理论支持。 本研究运用文献研究法，在认真研读福柯著作的基础上，对福柯 的尊严观进行了较为系统的尝试性探索。福柯眼中的尊严是以平等、 自由为基础，需要努力斗争才能够获得的一种权力。福柯的尊严观可 分为生存尊严、人格尊严、社会尊严、价值尊严四种类型。生存尊严 是以生命尊严为基础，包含对生命的敬畏，对人身自由的保障以及对 社会保障和社会福利的认可。人格尊严是以基本人权为基础，强调追 求快感、尊重隐私、尊重他人、尊重不同价值观念和主观努力。社会 尊严则是强调消除人的异化，反对权力控制，倡导平等、宽容，关注 人民生活以及制度改革。价值尊严建立在对人类现存价值反思的基础 上，以自由的精神为基础，坚持自由、平等、人本，向往真正的“自 由、民主、平等、博爱。福柯认为尊严的主要影响因素有经济收入、 权力、自尊、社会认同等。福柯尊严观理论具有系统性、科学性、前 瞻性等三个重要特征。学习福柯的尊严观，有助于促进我国的社会建 设。 关键词：福柯；尊严观：西方社会学 AbstractThe Abstract The state counc i l premi er wen j iabao stressed that to al low people to live more dignity in the Spring Festival year．This means that the digni ty has become one of the bi ggest i ssues whi ch the government and CCP attache great importance to． Michel Foucault was a philosopher，thinkers and sociologist who was full of challenging and rebellion in the 20th century．His thoughts produced significant influence on various discipl ines and fields．So，research the dignity view of Foucault such a famous thinker in the 20th century，not only can help US understand the real connotation of dignity，but also can help US to build a harmonious society． This paper uses 1 iterature research concluded the Foucault’S dignity views through reading Foucault’S main masterpiece．In Foucault eyes，dignity is a power which based on equal ity and freedom，requires hard struggle to obtain．Foucault’S digni ty view can be divided into four types：Survival dignity view， Dignity view，Social dignity view，Value dignity view．Among them，the Survival dignity view based on l ife，including respect to l ife，the security of personal freedom and the recognition for social security and social welfare．The Dignity II view view based on the basic human rights，emphasizes the pursuit of pleasure，respect the privacy，respect for others，respect for dif