论WTO争端解决机制的法律适用-国际法学专业论文.docxVIP

构的判例，公法学家学说因其本身很难被争端解决机制视为“法律渊源”自然 构的判例，公法学家学说因其本身很难被争端解决机制视为“法律渊源”自然 难以为争端解决机制所适用。它们都只能作为争端解决机制进行法律解释的参 考资料。国内法在争端解决机制中一般作为事实出现。国际习惯法由于其自动 适用性，不能为争端解决机制所排除。国际习惯法可以填补争端解决机制法律 适用过程中所可能出现的法律空白。争端解决机制也有适用一般法律原则审理 案件的实践。因而，非WTO协定的法律渊源中，只有国际习惯法与一般法律 原则可以成为争端解决机制适用的法律。 WTO争端解决机制在进行法律适用尤其是适用非WTO协定的法律渊源时 应注意DSU对其权力的限制，不能减损成员方根据WTO协定所获得的利益， 也不能妨碍协定目标的实现。DSU宜对争端解决机制的法律适用制度做出明确 的规定。 关键词：WTO争端解决机制法律适用 法律解释 Ⅱ AbstractInternational Abstract International courts and tribunals are all faced with the choice of applicable laws when they try eases．Some constitutional instruments of international courts and tribunals stipulate the applicable laws explicitly,for example，article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice,article 21 of Statute of the International Criminal Court．However,DSU doesn’t provide the applicable law for the Dispute Settlement Mechanism(hereinafter the“DSM”)．It’S not very clear that what can be the applicable laws for the DSM． The Panel，the Appellate Body and the Arbitrators are subjects who apply laws in the DSM．The Dispute Settlement Body,the sectetariat，the Drector-General and the Expert Review Groups，though taking part in the settlement of the disputes，don’t apply laws． Issues in disputes settlement can be classified into substancial issues and procedural issues，which are different from each other in application of law． Legal interpretation is distinct from the application of law,and they play different roles in the legal process of the DSM．The distinction of the two is critical for US to recognize what are the applicable laws in the DSM correctly． The covered agreements in Appendix 1 tO the DSU are the main sources of law that the DSM applies．Generally speaking，Trade Policy Review Mechanism， declarations and decisions of the Ministerial Conference and agreements which are not stipulated in Appendix 1 to the DSU can’t be applied by the DSM．Some non—WTO treaties become incorporative treaties because the provisions of some WTO agreements．The applic