商族的婚姻制度-中国古代史专业论文.docxVIP

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商族的婚姻制度-中国古代史专业论文.docx

ABSTItACTGuided ABSTItACT Guided by zhe historical value of Marxism and based by zhe documents, archae0109ical materials, sociological materials, ethnological materials and oracle inscriptions,this thesis probes comparatively comprehensively into zhe system of matrimony of the Shang people on the base of the research achievements of the predecessors. It’S divided into four parts In the first part,I data back to the research results on the system of matrimony of the Shang people,and put forward to my view by comparing with every school’S standpoint. In the second part,I probe into that the Shang people’S system of matrimony during the period King Qi to King Hai was already monogamy,alrough it’S substance is the style that a man could marry several wives and there was no primary wife from the originality of Shang people,life style and pedigree. In the third part,from zhe Shang people’S ancestral temple name and pedigree,economic base,the system of succession and patriarchal system we prove that the Kings since Shangjiawei died(include Shangjiawei)began have the legal partner and the primary wiwes started to appear,the Shang people began to practice zhe ture meaning’S monogamy. In the last part,the main points are summed up. Key words:Shang People:zhe system of matrimony:monogamy 商族的婚姻制度婚姻制度的发展与完善是社会文明进步的标志之一。恩格斯曾说过:“一定 商族的婚姻制度 婚姻制度的发展与完善是社会文明进步的标志之一。恩格斯曾说过:“一定 历史时代和一定地区内的人们生活于其下的社会制度,受着两种生产的制约:一 方面受劳动的发展阶段的制约,另一方面受家庭的发展阶段的制约。”①所以, 研究商族的婚姻制度对于研究商族的社会制度具有重要的意义。 谈到商族的婚姻制度,当然要包括商族社会统治阶层的婚姻制度和被统治阶 层的婚姻制度。本文研究的主要是统治阶层的婚姻制度。为了使研究对象更具普 遍意义,我们剔除了其中一些特殊因素,从而尽可能地再现商族婚姻制度的全貌。 一.商族婚姻制度研究述评 (一)对前人研究商族婚姻制度成果的回顾 恩格斯根据人类学家摩尔根发现的家庭关系和亲属制度的矛盾入手,考察 了早期家庭形式的产生和发展历程,揭示了人类历史上依次更迭的三种主要婚姻 制度:“群婚制是与蒙昧时代相适应的,对偶婚制是与野蛮时代相适应的,以通 奸和卖淫为补充的一夫一妻制是与文明时代相适应的。”o 综观商族婚姻制度的发展演变历程,与世界范围内其它民族早期的发展大 致一样,也经历了群婚@、对偶婚和一夫~妻制的变迁过程。 最早研究商族婚姻制度的当属郭沫若先生。郭先生从信从王国维先生帝喾即 甲骨文中的“夏”的观点出发,认为帝喾就是文献中的帝俊和帝舜,与其婚配的 羲和、常羲就是娥皇与女英姊妹,亦即姜螈和简狄,从而得出商族从一开始诞生 ①恩格斯.家庭、私有制和国家的起源[A].马克思恩格斯选集(第四卷)[c].北京:人民出 版社,1972,第2页. ②恩格斯.家庭、私有制和国家的起源[A].

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