鲤鱼维生素E缺乏的病理学研究-基础兽医学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 本试验分别以0、25、50、100mg／kg饲料的维生素E水平进行了鲤鱼维 生素E缺乏的病理学和血液学研究。经20周的饲喂试验，各试验组的发病 率和死亡率与日粮中维生素E水平高低呈负相关，其发病率分别为47．5％、 22．50％、10．0％和0％，死亡率分别为22．5％、12。5％、5．0％和0％。病鱼出现 特征性的“瘦背病”、脊柱前凸及以突眼、竖鳞和腹水为特征的渗出性素质 样病变。病理剖解见背部两侧肌肉萎缩变薄，呈刀刃状，体侧红肌纤维退色 变白，呈白肌肉外观。肝肿大，颜色发黄，到后期部分病例肝呈绿肝状外观。 心脏扩张，外膜出血。肾肿大，充血、出血。性腺发育障碍，体积和重量都 较对照组小。组织学上最突出的变化表现为营养性肌病、营养性肝病、性腺 发育障碍及胰腺的变性、坏死等。骨骼肌纤维变住、坏死，残存的肌纤维萎 缩变细：心肌纤维变性、坏死；肝细胞变性、坏死，甚至发生溶解消失形成 溶解灶，且肝细胞内出现大量黄色或棕黄色圆形或椭圆形的蜡样质沉着。胰 腺腺泡变性、坏死。肾小球肿大，细胞增生，肾小管上皮细胞变性。精巢精 原细胞、次级精原细胞和精子细胞数量减少，甚至完全消失；卵巢卵母细胞 数量减少，且发育迟缓。超微结构上表现为骨骼肌纤维、心肌纤维、肝细胞 和肾小管上皮细胞线粒体肿胀，嵴断裂，甚至发生溶解，整个线粒体囊泡化； 内质网扩张，脱核糖体颗粒。骨骼肌纤维核膜间隙增宽，细胞核电子密度降 低；心肌纤维线粒体内出现糖原颗粒包涵物，胞浆内糖原颗粒减少。血液学 上，红细胞数和血红蛋自含量降低，表现为贫血；血清维生素E水平降低， 血清SOD活性降低，血清MDA含量升高，血清GSH-Px活性无明显变化。 关键词：维生素E缺乏病理学血液学鲤 Study Study on the pathology of vitamin E deficiency in common carp cyprinus carpio Zhou Zhen Wang Kai-yu (Animal ScienceTechnology College of Sichuan Agricultural University，Yaan，625014 China) Abstract：The pathology and hematology of vitamin E deficiency in common carp(cyprinus carpio)were studied． Juvenile carp weighing about 609 were fed a purified diet supplemented with vitamin E with 0，25，50 or 100mg／kg respectively for 20 weeks．The morbidity and mortality were respectively 47．5％， 22．5％，10．0％，0 and 22．5％，12．5％，5．O％，0．The fish fed vitamin E deficient diet exhibited “thin back disease”．10rdosis and exudative diathesis with exophthalmus，scale erection and ascites．Examination of gross changes showed skeletal muscular dystrophy，especially in both sides of the back，the thickness compare with the control group was only 1／4～1／2；The red muscle in body sides became white muscle；The liver was swollen with yellow color or blue color in last stage；The heat was enlargement with hemorrhage in epicardium；The kidney was swollen with hyperemia and hemorrhage；The sexual gland showed gonadal dysplasia，the weight and volume of sexual gland compare with the control group were decreased．The examination of histopatholOgical changes showed nutritional muscular dys