卢梭的美育思想及其当代意义-文艺学专业论文.docxVIP

山东师范大学硕’J二学位论文卢梭的美育思想对当时及以后的欧美教育产生了重大影响。康德和席勒更是 山东师范大学硕’J二学位论文 卢梭的美育思想对当时及以后的欧美教育产生了重大影响。康德和席勒更是 吸收了卢梭的自由原则、情感崇拜、回归自然的思想并将自由意识与审美教育发 扬光大；马克思一生致力的人的自由和解放问题，也受到卢梭的启发。中国近代 一些思想家、文学家和教育家也都深受影响，著名美育思想家蔡元培把卢梭主张 的自由、平等、博爱作为当时维新教育的目标，并提出“以美育代宗教”。 卢梭的美育思想不仅在当时产生了重大影响，在今天仍然具有重大意义。卢 梭培养完美人性的教育理想和我们现代的教育目标是一致的；卢梭倡导的感性教 育和情感教育仍是现代美育的根本任务；卢梭批判现代工业文明，主张“回归自 然”的“自然主义”美育思想，更是具有深刻的生态文化价值。它对于培养德、 智、体、美、劳各项素质全面发展、身心两健的完美的人，对于重新认识和处理 人与自然的关系，实现当代人的“生态本性”，恢复人与自然和谐的状态具有现 实意义。 但由于历史等方面的原因，卢梭的美育思想中存在着深刻的悖论和鲜明的局 限性。他的唯心主义的逻辑起点，忽视教育本质的社会性以及否定科学与艺术的 观念都是偏激的，但瑕不掩瑜，卢梭对现代工业文明的批判无疑是空前深刻的， 他昭示的向度也给人以无尽的启发。 关键词：卢梭 自然 文明 美育 分类号：101 II 山东帅范大学硕lj学位论文Abst 山东帅范大学硕lj学位论文 Abst ract Jean Jacque Rousseau was an outstanding French thinker,philosopher and educationist during the Enlightenment period in 18th century．Although he didn’t raise the concept of‘‘aesthetic education,his education thought Was included rich contents of aesthetis education．His thought，which reflected the spirit of his time，has，too， exerted far-reaching influence to the latter generations．It is of more prominent significance to re—realize the connotation and contemporary value of Rousseau’S Naturalist aesthetic education in the present days when the crises，both ecological and spiritual，are ofunprecedented severity． The thesis is composed ofthree sections． The first section deals not only witll the investigation of the historical background，including the social conditions，politically,economically and educationally in those days as well as the creative process of Emile，in which Rousseau’S thought on aesthetic education came into being，but also with the analysis ofthe philosophical basis and theoretical source ofRousseau’S thought． Natural philosophy is the quintessence of Rousseau’S philosophy,and the opposition of nature and civilization is the basis of the development of his thought， and on the very basis has been established his naturalist thought on education， especially aesthetic education．By the argumentation ofthe origin ofhuman ineq