德国体育战略演进的历程、特征与启示.docVIP

德国体育战略演进的历程、特征与启示 Development, Features and Enlightenment of German Sport Strategy 彭国强/舒盛芳 彭国强，南京体育学院奥林匹克教育研究中心，江苏南京 210014舒盛芳，上海体育学院体育教育训练学院，上海 200438彭国强(1983-),男，山东临沂人，南京体育学院 讲师，博士； Tel. : pcngguoqiang @163. com 原文出处 《上海体育学院学报》2017年第20175期 第28-35页 内容提要 从国家历史演进视角对德国体育战略进行研究，将德国体 育战略演进历程分为体操运动主导期、体育改革探索期、 纳粹思想膨胀期、东德西德并进期与人本需求强化期5个 阶段，经历了军国体育、政治性体育、种族化体育、人本 体育等战略思想的转变。演进特征体现在战略价值服务 于国家发展，满足了不同时期国家利益的需要；战略重心 从注重国家政治诉求到强调社会人本需求；战略主体从国 家主导到社会主导；战略缺陷体现为特定时期将体育作为 国家意识形态工具，对人本需求关注不足。提出我国体 育战略应服务于国家发展战略，满足新时期国家利益的需 要；体育战略重心转移到社会人本需求，推动全民健身战 略价值释放；政府职能向调控型与服务型转变，发挥社会 市场在体育发展中的主导作用。 The study amalyzcd the dcvclopment of German sport strategy from the perspective of countrys historical development? It divides the evolution of German sport strategy into 5 stages,that is, gymnastic-oriented stage,sport reform stage, Nazi-ideolog)^oriented stage, East- West-German)^ coexistence stage and humanneed-oriented stage. So, it has cxpcricneed from military sport, political sport, “cial sport to humane sport?The evolution has prosented the following features:its strategy value serves the countrys dcvelopment for the country，s interest at diffcrcnt stages; its focus transforms from the country，s political demand to human，s need; its subject body changes from state-oricnted to society-oricnted.And its fault lies in the fact that sport was regarded as ideology tools at ccrtain stages, lacking in the humanistic needs.The study proposed that the sport strategy in China should serve the country，s dcvelopment strategy to satisfy the needs of country，s interest in new era.The focus should be returned to social-humani stic need to promote the national fitness strategy. Finally, the government should change its role from regulation-oricnted to service-oriented and uphold the markets leading role in sport dcvelopment. 名称《体育》 复印期号2018年02期 关键词: 徳国/体育战略/演进/政治诉求/人本需求/国家成长 /Germany/sport strategy/evolution/political demand/human need/country development 标题 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目(16YJC8