论山西票号的经营制度与经营精神-中国近现代史专业论文.docx

内容提要山西票号是我国最早产生的专门从事异地汇兑的民间金融组织， 内容提要 山西票号是我国最早产生的专门从事异地汇兑的民间金融组织， 在其近百年的发展历程中，形成了较为完备的经营制度和经营精神，为 后来其起的近代银行提供了可资借鉴的经验和教训，因而被称为中国 银行业之鼻祖。j本文从五部分对上述问题进行了探讨。)，／ 第一、二部分主要论述了山西票号产生的历史条件及发展概况。 票号是封建商品经济发展的产物，同时，它的产生也有力地促进了社 会商品经济的发展和国内市场的扩大。 第三部分主要论述了票号的经营制度。它开创了专门从事异地汇 兑的先河，使我国的货币清算制度发生了深刻的变化，即从运送现银 为主的结算方式逐渐过渡到以汇兑为主的结算方式；它创立了总分号 制和人身顶股制，是其它旧式的金融机构所没有的一一总分号制是山 西票号存在的组织基础，而人身顶股制合理调节劳资关系，是我国利 益分配制度上的一大进步。此外，本文还对票号资本的筹集和运作制 度、用人制度等作了探讨。 第四部分对票号的经营精神进行了探讨。票号的经营理念始终没 有超越中国传统文化的范畴。在传统观念的感染和熏陶下，形成了艰 苦创业、崇尚信誉、以人为本等精神文化。 最后，本文还对票号衰亡的原因进行了分析。认为：票号经营者 不能与时俱进，忽视对金融制度的创新是票号衰亡的根本原因。厂／ AbstractExchange Abstract Exchange shop in Shanxi was the earliest folk financial organization that specially dealt with the remittance between different areas．During the development of about hundred years，it formed the perfect managerial system and spirit．Its experience and lessons were followed by modem bank later．Therefore，exchange shop in Shanxi was called the originator of bank of China．This paper inquires into the above-mentioned questions from five parts The first part and the second mainly expound the historical conditions before exchange shop in Shanxi was produced and the developmental general situation．Exchange shop in Shanxi was the outcome of the development of commodity economy．At the same time，its appearance accelerated the development of commodity economy and the extension of intemal market The third part mainly discusses the managerial system．it initiated the remittance between different areas，which made money clearing system of China change．That is，it was transferred from transporting money to remittance；Exchange shop in Shanxi carried out the system of general bank and branch bank and the system of personal labor capital stock that were unique．The former was the organization base of exchange shop in Shanxi．The Shanxi．The latter reasonably mediate the labor-capital relationship．The system was great progress．In addition，the part explores the system of its collection and operation of ca