论埃德加·爱伦·坡诗歌中的象征主义-英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 埃德加·爱伦·坡是一位走在时代前列的诗人。他的诗歌创作理 论和实践对后来的欧美诗坛产生了重大又深远的影响，特别是对十九 世纪下半叶至二十世纪初的象征主义运动可渭影响至深。 坡沉醉于自己营造的梦幻世界中，对人生持消极悲观的态度，把 死亡看作是对现实世界的超越和升华，坚持“为写诗而写诗”。这些 文艺创作观与象征主义者的创作思想极为相似。在创作实践中，坡和 象征主义诗人们也有诸多共同之处。坡在诗歌创作中实践了自己独特 的创作美学：他精心营构象征意象，不遗余力地实践诗歌的音乐性， 通过暗示和陌生化的手法来透射诗歌的象征寓意，并围绕诗歌的整体 效果而进行创作。坡的诗歌和诗歌理论影响了象征主义诗歌，他因此 被象扯主义诗人们尊为先驱。坡在文学界的影响，自象征主义运动开 始，折射到了世界文坛的各个角落。 关键词：埃德加·爱伦·坡；象征主义；象征主义诗歌 AbstractEdgar Abstract Edgar Allan Poe is a poet ahead of his time．His poetry execs great influence OD the modern western poetry，especially the Symbolist poetry in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century．Poe’S philosophical ideas about literary composition share similarities with those of the Symbolist poets．He indulges himself in the illusory dreamland，which he believes is the only truth；he is pessimistic about life and exalts a life beyond the death of a body；he holds that poetry should be written solely for poetry’S sake．Poe and the Symbolists also have a lot in common in poetry writing．For example，Poe employs severa techniques to achieve a totality of effect，making the poems symbolic as a whole；he elaborately chooses images to construct symbols and transmit the symbolic significance that he wants to convey；he pays special attention to the musical quality of a poem，maintaining that musicality is a device ofvital importance in a poem；he also likes to use suggestiveness and defamiliarization to achieve effects in his poems．Following the way that Poe has outlined，the Symbolists inherit，theorize and．further develop Poe’S techniques．As a precursor of the Symbolist Movement，Poe’S contribution should never be underestimated Key Words：Edgar Allan Poe；Symbolism；Symbolist Poetry 月lJ 月lJ 舌 象mE主义作为--jfbOq作手法古已有之，而本文所涉及的象征主义专指十九世 纪后半期兴起的象征主义诗歌运动。 埃德加·爱伦·坡是十九世纪美国文坛的一位奇特人物。他命运多舛，半世 坎坷。虽然坡在这个世界上只羁留了40年，他的诗歌、短篇小说和文学评论却 给后人留下了不可磨灭的影响。尽管人们对坡的了解大多始于他的短篇小蜕，其 实坡的文学生涯是始于诗歌并终于诗歌的。坡首先也把自己视为一名诗人。六}一 j首诗外加一出没写完的歌剧是他留给世人的全部诗歌作品。 坡在涛歌中追求纯粹的音乐文字美，因而他在当时的美国文坛被看作是异 端，甚至被爱默生奚落为“打油涛人”，但大西洋彼岸，坡一直享有很高的声誉。 坡