Threshold Paillier Encryption Web Service培训课件.pptVIP

,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, Threshold Paillier Encryption Web Service A Master’s Project Proposal by Brett Wilson Motivation Secure Electronic Voting Research Interest in improving current voting process is high 2000 Presidential election snafu Improved access/availability (voter turnout) Cryptographic research has led to new solutions to problems with electronic voting Basic requirements for electronic voting Privacy – All votes should be kept secret Completeness – All valid votes should be counted correctly Soundness – Any invalid vote should not be counted Unreusability – No voter can vote twice Eligibility – Only authorized voters can cast a vote Fairness – Nothing can affect the voting Extended Requirements for electronic voting Robustness – faulty behavior of any reasonably sized coalition of participants can be tolerated Universal Verifiability – any party can verify the result of the voting Recipt-freeness – Voters are unable to prove the content of his/her vote Incoercibility – Voter cannot be coerced into casting a particular vote by a coercer Motivation Many of the proposed electronic voting protocols utilize threshold homomorhpic encryption schemes as part of the protocol Protects voter privacy Individual vote can not be decrypted without cooperation of t of l “authorities” Efficient, universally verifiable vote tallying Only sum of votes is decrypted Individuals can compute encrypted sum, verify proof of correct decryption of sum Implementations of threshold homomorphic encryption algorithms are not freely available Threshold Encryption Public key encryption as usual Distribute secret key “shares” among l participants Decryption can only be accomplished if a threshold number t of the l participants cooperate No information about m can be obtained with less than t participants cooperating Proof of valid decryption is provided Paillier Encryption Trapdoor Discrete Logarithm Scheme c = gMrn mod n2 n is an RSA modulus g is an integer