第三讲词义的选择-公开课件.pptVIP

第三讲 词义的选择 While people in other countries in the world were trying to catch wild animals and birds and were still collecting seeds and nuts, farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture. 当世界上其他国家还在捕猎飞禽走兽、采集种子坚果的时候，中国农民就已经在从事农业科技研究了。 His plane developed engine trouble only seven miles after take-off. 他的飞机在起飞后只飞行了七英里就发生了机械故障。 Inspired by these ideas, in 1752, Franklin developed a practical lightening rod. 由于受到这些思想的激发，弗兰克林于1752年发明了很实用的避雷针。 A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist from observations. 一个假设是由科学家经过大量观察而得出的具体结论。 Most of the money came from selling the secret of a new type of potato he had developed. 大部分钱都是靠出售他所培育出的新品土豆的配方得来的。 As young Goddard grew into manhood, he developed tuberculosis. 年轻的戈达德长成大人时患上了结核病。 In developing a design, the engineer must apply his knowledge of engineering and material science. 在进行设计时，工程师必须应用自己在工程学和材料科学方面的知识。 As early as his second film, Chaplin had developed his own manner of acting the one that was become world famous. 早在他演第二部电影时，卓别林就已形成了他自己的表演风格，这就是他后来闻名于世的那种表演风格。 Some married people who are not satisfied with their family may resort to the Internet to develop an extramarital affair. 一些对家庭不满意的已婚男女也学会借助因特网去搞婚外恋。 And thirdly, computer games help develop children’s interest in computers. 再者，电子游戏有助于培养儿童对电脑的兴趣。 词义的选择： 指在翻译过程中，基于对源语文本的精确理解在目的语中选择恰当地词语或表达法，使之符合译文语境的表达需要。 英语词汇： 游移性、灵活性 含义范围比较宽，比较丰富多彩，词义对上下文的依赖性比较大，独立性比较小 汉语词语： 含义比较狭窄，词义比较精确、固定、严谨，其伸缩性和对上下文的依赖性比较小，具有较强的独立性 英汉两种语言的词义： 不仅仅是点的对应，也不仅仅是在一个平面上的线性交叉对应，而是成立体交叉对应关系 在英汉翻译时： 译者寻求的不只是词义的静态对应，而是要在这种立体交叉的词义关系中寻求动态对应 “一名之立，旬月踟蹰。” 严复 作为译者，很多时候都需要为了寻找一个符合上下文的表达而冥思苦想、斟酌再三 You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it. 不会制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造船、架桥或盖房子。 On the wings of hope, of love, of joy, Miss Meadows sped back to the music hall, up the aisle, up the steps, over to the piano. 美多斯小姐仿佛插上了希望的翅膀，爱的翅膀，欢乐地翅膀，一路飞奔回到音乐厅，她穿越通道，跃上台阶，三步并作两步走到钢琴前。 “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up