Lessn36 Drilling Operating钻井操作中英文讲解.docVIP

Lessn36 Drilling Operating *Drilling involves producing through or blind holes in a workpiece . by forcing a tool, which rotates around its axis, against the workpiece . 钻是利用绕轴旋转的钻头在工件上生成通孔 或盲孔的加工工艺。 2.Consequently, the range of cutting from that axis of rotation is equal to the radius of required hole. 因此，旋转轴的切削范围就等于所钻孔的半径。 cutting tools for drilling operations In drilling operations, a cylindrical rotary-end cutting tool, called a drill, is employed. The drill can have either one or more cutting edges and corresponding flutes, which can be straight or helical.在钻削作业中，要用到被称为钻头的圆柱形回转端切削刀具。钻头可以有一条或多条直的或是螺旋状的切削刃以及相应的出屑槽。The function of the flutes is to provide outlet passages for the chips generated during the drilling operation and also to allow lubricants and coolants to reach the cutting edges and the surface being machined. Following is a survey of the commonly used drills.出屑槽的功能是给钻削作业中产生的切屑提供排出通道，并允许润滑剂和冷却液到达切削刃和正在被加工的表面。下面是常用钻头的概述。 Twist drill The twist drill is the most common type of drill. It has two cutting edges and two helical flutes that continue over the length of the drill body. 麻花钻：麻花钻是最常用的钻头类型。它有两条切削刃和两条沿钻头体全长连续的螺旋状出屑槽. In the latter case, the shank is fitted by the wedge action into the tapered socket of the spindle and has a tang, which goes into a slot in the spindle socket, thus acting as a solid means for transmitting rotation. 锥形钻柄通过楔入动作安装在主轴的锥形轴孔中，钻柄上还有柄舌插入主轴轴孔中的插槽，从而作为传递转动的可靠方法。 Carbide tipped drills Most of the drills are made of high speed steel. however, for machining hard materials as well as for large volume production , carbide tipped drills are available .as shown in Fig.36.2,the carbide tips of suitable geometry are clamped to the end of the tool to act as the cutting edges . 硬质合金钻头：大多数孔都是由高速转动的刚制造的。然而，对于制造大量坚硬的产品，硬质合金钻头是有效的。如图36.2，作为切割边缘的硬质合金钻头被工具紧紧夹着。 Core drills A core drill consists of the chamfer, body, neck, and shank, as shown in Fig36.2.