定语从句的译法-公开课件.pptVIP

第四节 定语从句的译法 定语从句的译法 （一） 前置法 （二） 后置法 （三） 融合法 （四） 译成状语 （一） 前置法 把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句, 这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句比较短的情况。 一些较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句也可采用前置法, 但没有限制性定语从句使用得普遍。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. (2) There will come a day when people the world over will live a happy life under the sun of socialism. (3) The sun , which had hidden all day , now came out in all its splendor. (4) But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. （二） 后置法 当定语从句较长时, 如果翻译成前置的定语, 就会不符合汉语的表达习惯, 在这种情况下, 往往把该定语从句翻译成并列的分句, 放置于原来它所修饰词的后面。翻译时可以用三种方法来处理。 译成并列分句，重复先行词 译成并列分句，省略先行词 译成独立句（非限制性定从） They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which , in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 2) I told the story to John , who told it to his brother. 3) World War Ⅱwas, however, more complex than World WarⅠ, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury. He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 2) One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. （三） 融合法 融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合在一起译成一个简单句。由于限制性定语从句与主句关系较紧密，所以融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句，尤其是“there?be?”结构带有定语从句的句型。  There are many people who want to see the film. There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity. （四） 译成状语 英语中有些定语从句, 兼有状语从句的职能, 在逻辑上与主句有状语关系, 说明原因、结果、目的、让步、假设等关系, 翻译时应善于从原文的字里行间发现这些逻辑上的关系, 然后译成汉语中相应的偏正复合句。 1、译成表“因”的分句 We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night。 2、译成表“果”的分句 There was something original, independent, and heroic abou