颗粒状铁铜复合氧化物材料的制备及磷吸附行为研究-材料工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘 要 I I 磷是植物和水体藻类生长必需的营养元素，但是磷元素的大量存在会造成水 体的富营养化，引发水华或赤潮频繁发生，严重破坏了水体生态环境， 给人类 健康以及水生生物的生存造成威胁。目前，除磷是水处理工艺的重要目标之一。 吸附法除磷具有经济高效、无二次污染、易操作等特点，其中铁铜复合氧化物的 吸附量高、成本低、环境友好、pH 适用范围广。粉末状吸附材料便于原位生产 与投加，而颗粒状吸附剂便于在吸附柱内使用，操作、维护方便。为了扩大粉末 状铁铜复合氧化物的应用范围，制备了颗粒状铁铜复合氧化物吸附材料并对溶液 中磷吸附行为进行了研究，主要内容如下： （1）以环保型有机高分子 PVA 作为粘合剂，采用挤压成型的方法，将粉末 状铁铜复合氧化物制成直径 1mm~2mm 的颗粒状铁铜复合氧化物吸附材料。 （2）铁铜复合氧化物颗粒化后仍保持了较好的磷吸附效果，Freundlich 等温 线模型，能很好的描述该吸附剂对磷的吸附行为，最大吸附量为 20.2（pH5.5）， 比同类颗粒状吸附剂具有一定的磷吸附优势； （3）吸附平衡时间较长，约为 30h，准二级动力学与内扩散模型能很好的 拟合吸附动力学曲线。 （4）在较宽的 pH 范围 (4~7) 内，颗粒状铁铜复合氧化物保持对磷有较高 2- 2- - 吸附量；溶液中常见阴离子 SiO3 对磷吸附存在一定的竞争吸附，SO4 、HCO3 对磷的去除影响不大；阳离子 Ca2+、Mg2+则能够促进磷的吸附。 （5）EDS 表征表明，颗粒材料的表层与内层均有磷的吸附。颗粒状铁铜复 合氧化物对溶液磷的吸附过程是一个自发的吸热过程，吸附剂与磷之间形成了络 合物，发生了非单分子层的化学吸附。 关键字：铁铜复合氧化物；颗粒；吸附；磷 Ab Abstract II II Phosphorus, as an essential nutrient element, may cause eutrophication or red tides if excessively exist in water, damaging the environment seriously and posing a threat to people and aquatic organisms. Currently, phosphate removal is an important goal for water treatment. Adsorption method was used to remove phosphate from water due to its high efficiency, fast and simple operation, and Fe - Cu composite oxide as a phosphorus adsorbent, is environment-friendly with the excellent advantages of high adsorption capacity and wide pH applied range. Powdered adsorbents are fit for situ production and dosing, whereas granular adsorbents are better for easily operation and maintain in columns. In order to expand the application scope of powdered Fe - Cu composite oxide, granular Fe - Cu composite oxide was made and phosphorus removal from aqueous solution on the granular adsorbent has been carried out in the study. The following results were obtained: Using the extrusion molding method, powdered Fe - Cu composite oxide was made into the granular adsorbent of the diameter of 1mm~2mm with PVA，an environmentally-friendly organic polymer, as the adhesive. The granular Fe - Cu composite oxide retains high phosphate adsorption abil