辽代科举家族分析-中国古代史专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 辽代的科举家族就是那些三代以上聚族而居，家族的兴旺立足于家族成员及第为官 且家族中两代及以上多人从事应举学习并取得乡贡进士以上功名，在地方乃至全国均颇 有影响的家族。辽中期尤其是澶渊之盟后辽宋长期和平下一方面辽代科举得到了迅速的 发展，另一方面辽代的家族势力也得到了发展。加之统治阶级的汉化、对科举的重视以 及更多的国家事务对进士出身的官僚的需求，构成了科举家族兴起的外部条件。而科举 家族自身的文化优势则为其谋求家族地位或巩固家族势力提供了保障。 辽代的科举家族大致可分为两个类型：辽初勋贵家族通过家族成员参加科举转变而 来的科举家族和原来家族政治地位较低但在辽中后期通过家族成员应举入仕而新兴起 的科举家族。辽代的科举家族在家族成员仕进上有鲜明的特征,除了科举家族成员的入 仕为官与参加科举有着十分紧密的联系外，辽代科举家族的家族成员在仕进途径上的应 科举与荫补相结合也是一个显著的特点。而婚姻上辽代科举家族的特点为通婚对象以与 汉人的相互通婚为主，且多为官僚之家或地方豪族，而且在这些科举家族女性成员出嫁 的情况上，其夫婿多有进士出身者。 辽代科举家族作为一种家族势力，其在辽中后期的兴起，产生了重要的社会影响， 而作为一种政治势力，科举家族对辽中后期以及辽末的政治施加了有力的影响。 关键词 辽代 科举 科举家族 Ab Abstract Ⅱ Ⅱ Abstract The families related with the imperial examination in Liao Dynasty are those with three generations lived in the family home, familys prosperity based on family members became officials or rural examination Jinshi by took part in the imperial examination and had powerful influence in home place and even whole nation. In the middle of Liao Dynasty, especially after the Chanyuan treaty, on one hand the imperial examination of Liao Dynasty has a rapid development after a long-term peace between Liao and Song; on other hand, the family influence also obtained a development. And what’s more, the chinesization of the rulers, attach importance to imperial examination and more requirements of Jinshi in national affairs,all of that made of the external conditions of the rise of the families related with the imperial examination. And the families’ own cultural advantage provided a guarantee of the seeking of family status and forces. The families related with the imperial examination can be divided into two types: the families related with the imperial examination changed by the noble families and the ones came from the common families. There were distinctive features in the progress family members becoming official: besides related with the imperial examination, there also has very close links with system of yinbu. In the marriage, the family members mostly marriage with bureaucratic