米兰存在之思”探究-比较文学与世界文学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 米兰?昆德拉是一位以小说创作享誉世界文坛的捷裔法籍作家。他带来了一场小说 革命，他的小说创作在很大程度上突破了传统的小说观念。他的每一部小说的主旨最后 都指向了“存在”主题，生命、爱情、青春、命运、政治、性爱、记忆、遗忘、回归、 不朽等内容也成为了他透视“存在”的重要窗口。他的小说理论著作也对小说和小说家 的使命进行了多次陈述，强调小说是对存在的“发现”和“疑问”，小说家是“存在的 勘探者”，他发现人类的这种或那种可能，描绘“存在的图”。可见，他的小说创作实践 与小说理论总是与“存在”相关，正是因为如此，我在研究和解读昆德拉的小说作品与 小说思想时将目光更多的放到了“存在”这一基本哲学命题与文学主题上。 本文试图以其最主要的十四部作品为研究对象，以他的十部小说为根基，结合他自 己的相关理论思考，对其小说诗学中最核心的“存在” 观念进行深入的阐释。论文第 一部分，分析了昆德拉的小说是“存在的诗性沉思”的小说观以及“存在即人生存的可 能性”的存在观；第二部分，从小说人物本身以及人物所处历史境况两方面入手，阐释 了其小说是一种“思索的小说”，并由此指出他的小说始终是针对“存在”问题的思考。 第三部分，在此理论基础上，结合他的诸多作品，对他的小说主题进行了系统的研究， 对“存在”做出了多角度的观照、理解和思考；第四部分，更加深入的阐释了其自觉的 理论追求，让我们认识到对世界、对事物和人应该有严肃的思考。 关键词 米兰?昆德拉 小说 存在 可能性 II II Abstract Abstract Milan Kundera, a Czech writer, is famous for creating novel in literary. He brought a novel revolution, and his novel creation breaks through the traditional novel concept in a great degree. The purpose of each of his novels, all come to the being theme at last. The content, such as life, love, youth, fate, politics, sex, memory, forgotten, regression and perspective immortal becomes to the window of existence. His novel theory works have statements to fiction and the novelist’s mission for many times, emphasizing that the novel is to found and doubt the existing, and the novelist is the existence of the explorer, who found that the human may this or that, and described the existing figure. So, we can see that his novel practice and theory creation are related to the existing. Depending on this, I pay close attention to the existence—a basic philosophy and literature subject when reading and researching the novels and its ideas of Kundera. In this article I attempt to consider the fourteen of the primary works as object to research, basing on his ten novels, combining with his own related theory to explain the central existence concept in his novels. My paper firstly analyzes the kunderas novel view that novel is the poetic thought of existing and the existence view that existence is namely the chances of surviva