论我国民事诉讼调解制度的改革与完善-法律专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE IV 摘 要 摘 要 调解制度是我国民事诉讼中最具中国特色的一项制度,它能够及时、彻底地解决民 事权益争议,提高办案效率,减少诉讼成本。调解也是目前我国法院运用的最多的一种处 理民事诉讼的结案方式。随着审判方式改革的进行,现行调解制度日益暴露出它的局限 性和诸多弊端。重新审视诉讼调解的功能和价值，探寻民事诉讼调解制度改革的方向和 模式，对体现调解的公正性，提高调解效率，减轻法院的审判压力，使法院走出社会问 题的困境，谋求公正、和谐的社会发展十分有益。本文首先对调解、法院调解和民事诉 讼调解加以界分，归纳了我国关于民事调解的基本原则（即“合法”“查明事实、分清 是非”“自愿”）、性质（认为调解是当事人行使行分权与法院行使审判权相结合的产 物）和我国民事诉讼调解制度从古代、民国时期及新中国建立后的历史沿革，在此基础 上总结出民事诉讼调解制度的功能。其次，通过对德国、法国、日本、美国及台湾地区 调解制度的审视，总结出域外调解制度的特征。再次，详细论述我国民事诉讼调解制度 的现状，将目前民事调解制度存在的问题归纳为：自愿原则常被限制、调解程序和诉讼 审判程序混同，限制了调解功能的发挥、民事诉讼法在调解协议效力方面的规定不尽合 理、民事诉讼收费制度的不合理之处并详细分析了成因。最后提出通过制订一部专门的 民事调解法、现行诉讼费用收取方法的改革、建立多元化民事纠纷解决机制、严格限制 当事人的反悔权、正确区分释明权与处分权，科学规范法官的庭审行为以及逐步实行调 审分离的法院调解模式为改革和完善我国民事诉讼调解制度提出作者的设想。 关键词： 民事调解 改革 完善 Abstract Abstract In our civil procedure, mediation system is one of the systems that show Chinese characteristics best.This system solves civil rights disputes completely and in time, impoves efficiency in handling civil cases and reduces procedure cost. Mediation is the most onvenient method of handling civil prodedure cases by court now. In the reform processing of judgement method, present mediation system shows its limit and disadvantages day by day. Reviewing function and value of the mediation and seeking the reform position and mode of mediation system have kinds of advantages. In this way, it could show the justice of mediation, improve efficiency, reduce heavy pressure of court, make court out of meeting society problem and seek fair and harmonious society development.This thesis firstly divid the common mediation, court mediation and civil procedure mediation, sum up the basic principles of civil mediation( also ‘legal’ ‘ seeking fact and make clear about right and wrong’ ‘voluntary’ ), quality( which thinks mediation is the connection of people’s right and court’s judgement right) and the civil mediation history from ancient, the Republic of China to now. On basis of that, the author sums up the function of civil procedure mediation.Secondly, this thesis generalizes ou