论普通债权质押的设立要件-民商法学专业论文.docx

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 随着抽象财产在社会财物中所占的比例越来越大，普通债权质押以其强大的融资功 能，在担保物权领域的地位变得日益重要。然而由于普通债权质押在我国立法中未明确规 定其标的范围及设立要件，给普通债权质押的司法实践带来诸多不便。因此，完善普通债 权质押的相关理论及立法刻不容缓。本文分为四个部分：第一部分讨论了普通债权质押标 的物的范围，在实践中只要该债权的本质具有可转让性、非人身性等特点即可。由于没有 在物权立法中明确承认普通债权的可质押性，使得实践中出现的新型债权类型无法及时予 以规范，限制了普通债权质押的适用范围。因此，立法上应当明确作出普通债权可以质押 的表述，并且对普通债权作出具体描述，同时也应当对不得转让的债权进行一定的限制。 第二部分讨论了交付在普通债权质押中的功能，因为普通债权具有无形性特点，交付不宜 作为普通债权质押设立的惟一要件。第三部分提出了对通知第三债务人必要性的反思，将 通知作为普通债权质押的设立要件有难以克服的弊端，其无法对不特定的第三人产生公示 效力，自然难以承担物权公示的重任。第四部分提出应当将登记手段作为普通债权质押的 设立要件，而且对登记效力宜采用登记生效主义，并且在司法实践中应当对普通债权质押 登记制度进行进一步的完善细化，并确立登记机构的实质审查责任。 关键词：普通债权质押 权利质权 质押登记 担保物权 I Abstract The intangible property get increasingly important in the society. Because the strong financing capacity of general pledge of obligation, it becomes more and more crucial in the areas of security interest. But due to the lack of regulation about the range of object and the creation of general pledge of obligation, it brings inconvenience to the judicial practice, therefore, it is urgent to perfect the related theory and legislation of general pledge of obligation. The passage is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the range of object of general pledge of obligation, and it can be characterized as transferable and non-personal. As general pledge of obligation has not been defined as pledgable, so when it comes to new kind of pledge of obligation, it cannot be regulated, and it limited the application of general pledge of obligation. So it should be clearly put in the law, and specify and restrain its range. The second part discusses the function of delivery, and it cannot be the only condition of creation of general pledge of obligation. The third part argues that we should reconsider the necessity of noticing the third debtor. Noticing the third debtor has its own disadvantage that it cannot go publicity, so it cannot bear the responsibility of creating the general pledge of obligation. The forth part suggests that registration can be the element of creation of ge