诗的海洋-公开课件.pptVIP

目录 古代诗锦集 李白（简介）················································································（1） 赠汪伦···························································································（2） 王维（简介）················································································（3） 九月九日忆山东兄弟·····································································（4） 杜甫（简介）················································································（5） 绝句·······························································································（6） 白居易（简介）·············································································（7） 池上·······························································································（8） 小链接 《诗经》起源················································································（9） 现代诗锦集 繁星（节选）-冰心······································································（10） 梦-艾青························································································（11） 天上的街市-郭沫若······································································（12） 《诗经》起源 《诗经》的作者成分很复杂，产生的地域也很广。除了周王朝乐官制作的乐歌，公卿、列士进献的乐歌，还有许多原来流传于民间的歌谣。这些民间歌谣是如何集中到朝廷来的，则有不同说法。汉代某些学者认为，周王朝派有专门的采诗人，到民间搜集歌谣，以了解政治和风俗的盛衰利弊；又有一种说法：这些民歌是由各国乐师搜集的。乐师是掌管音乐的官员和专家，他们以唱诗作曲为职业，搜集歌谣是为了丰富他们的唱词和乐调。诸侯之乐献给天子，这些民间歌谣便汇集到朝廷里了。这些说法，都有一定道理。 但是，究竟由谁将这些诗歌编纂成书的呢?迄今仍存在种种不同的说法。 一说孔子删诗。把《诗经》的编纂之功归之于孔子一人。 一说王者采诗 一说周朝太师编定 各个时代从各个地区搜集来的乐歌，一般认为是保存在周王室的乐官——太师那里的。他们显然对那些面貌互异的作品进行过加工整理，有所淘汰，有所修改。所以现存的《诗经》，语言形式基本上都是四言体，韵部系统和用韵规律大体一致，而且有些套句出现在异时异地的作品中（如“彼其之子”、“王事靡盬”等）。古代交通不便，语言互异，各时代、各地区的歌谣，倘非经过加工整理，不可能出现上述情况。可以认为，由官方制作乐歌，并搜集和整理民间乐歌，是周王朝的文化事业之一，在《诗经》时代是不断进行着的。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * 卷首语 　我们的祖先——原始人类对许许多多的自然现象，如风、电、雷、雨等无法理解，于是 统统把这一切归于神明。出于敬畏，原始人类唱歌跳舞地对神明唱出颂歌，表达了人们的期望——风调雨顺，获得丰收等等。这便是诗的起源。  　　【诗源于】 　　它源于宗教。还有一种形式，起源于劳动。原始人一面劳动，一面发出单纯而有节奏的呼叫，以忘却劳动带来暂时的痛苦和振奋精神，协调动作。渐渐这种单纯而有节奏的呼叫声，发展成为模仿劳动本身的声音和表达劳动者本身感情诗歌。鲁迅先生曾经说过“诗是韵文，从劳动时发生的；小说是散文，从休息时发生的。”所以我们说，诗是普遍的艺术，是一种最为古老的文学艺术样式。  　　【诗的本质】