抗原提呈细胞与抗原提呈演示文稿.ppt

CD1分子提呈途径 1. CD1的特征 分五型：CD1A、B、C、D、E, 与b2m组成二聚体； 与MHCI/I类分子有30%同源性，无多态性； CD1表达于专职APC表面，还可存在于内体/溶酶体腔室中，酸性环境改变其构象，与抗原结合。 2. 抗原递呈特征 主要递呈糖脂或脂类抗原，特别是分支杆菌的某些成分； 递呈给CD4+T、CD8+T、CD4-CD8-T、??T、NK1.1T细胞。 脂类抗原的CD1分子提呈途径 抗原提呈的三条途径 MHC对抗原的交叉提呈 * * DC通过FcR和C3bR吞噬被抗体和补体包被的抗原；通过甘露糖受体吞噬甘露糖化的抗原，受体介导的内吞句有选择性、高效性和饱和性。 DC非特异性吞噬颗粒抗原能力很弱。 FDC表面捕获抗原，无吞噬处理功能，直接提呈给B细胞识别 * * 分泌功能： -产生溶酶体酶、髓过氧化物酶、活性氧等，与杀伤和抗原处理有关 -分泌细胞因子、补体、凝血因子等，与炎症反应有关； -产生前列腺素、白三烯、ACTH、内啡肽等，与免疫调节有关。 * 促炎细胞因子：TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, 参与局部和全身的炎症反应。 * * * Valine:结氨酸 * The intracellular replication takes place in cytosolic compartment and these pathogens are processed by endogenous processing pathway. The pathogens are for example viral antigens.The tumor antigens also use this pathway for processing.. extracellular replication or endosomal replication take place in extracellular fluid or intracellular vesicles. These infectious agents can be processed by exogenous processing pathway. For example streptococcal bacteria replicate in extracellular fluid and are taken up by phagocytosis. The mycobacteria replicate in vesicular compartment, such as endosome or lysosome and they are processed by exogenous processing pathway. The immune system has different strategies for eliminating pathogens from these two sites. Cells infected with viruses or with bacteria that live in the cytosol are eliminated by cytotoxic T cells; Pathogens and their products in the vesicular compartments of cells are detected by a different class of CD4 T cell. * 递呈抗原的来源与抗原处理和递呈途径及诱导的免役应答类型密切相关。 * Proteins in cells are continually being degraded and replaced with newly synthesized proteins. Much cytosolic protein degradation is carried out by a large, multicatalytic protease complex called the proteasome. The proteasome is a large cylindrical complex of some 28 subunits. Proteins to be degraded are introduced into the core of the proteasome and are there broken down into short peptides. Two subunits of the proteasome, called LMP2 and LMP7, are encoded