非谓语动词用法精讲-doing.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 9. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing  B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods. A. seizing；disappeared B. seizing；disappearing C. seizing；to disappear D. seized；disappearing 1、分词作状语说明谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随情况、行为方式或对谓语加以补充说明等。 2、作状语的分词(短语)通常放在句首或句尾，有时也可插在句子的主谓语之间。 3、分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致 （除非独立主格结构）。 4、有时为了明确时间、条件或结果，分词前可加when,　while,　if, 　thus等连词。 分词作状语 如果分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，则要用完成形式 Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter. Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well. 分词作状语 肯定式 否定式 一般式 doing not doing 完成式 having done not having done 现在分词作状语 现在分词的一般形式(doing) 现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动作之前发生。 2.现在分词的完成式(having done) 现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。 完成时态的现在分词在句中经常作状语。 肯定形式 否定形式 一般式 being done not being done 完成式 having been done not having been done 现在分词的语态 △?在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形式。这种形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ?????? E 动词-ing形式作定语 1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。　　① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room?= a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method?=a method of working? 工作方法　 a drawing board 画板 a sewing machine 缝纫机 a swimming pool?游泳池 a waiting room? 候车室 a dining car 餐车 a driving permit 驾驶许可证 a singing competition?歌咏比赛 a walking stick?手杖 　② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 比较　 a barking dog ?狂吠的狗 a