泰勒定理及其在数值分析中的应用.docVIP

摘 要 因为泰勒公式的形式简单易懂，由此，适用在很多学科。在计算机与物理等各个方面均有着极其广泛的应用，除此之外，也在数值分析、常微分方程、最优化理论这些数学分支中产生着至关重要的作用。可见，泰勒公式的用处很多，所以，更要弄清楚泰勒公式的概念和数学原理。这是数学中非常基础的东西，对学生今后的数学学习将起到非常好的作用。本论文的目的，主要是对泰勒定理在数值分析中的应用做研究，从利用泰勒公式近似计算函数值、利用泰勒公式近似计算导数值、泰勒公式在常微分方程数值求解中的应用等方面，对泰勒公式在数值分析方面的应用进行研究。泰勒公式在数值分析的各个方面都有着重要的应用，深入探讨泰勒公式的应用,对于我们解决一些复杂问题起到事半功倍的效果.只要在解题中注意分析并注重归纳总结,就能很好地运用泰勒公式.正确的应用泰勒公式使我们的证明和计算题变得简明快捷。 关键词：泰勒公式；数值分析；应用 ABSTRACT Because of the Taylor formula is very simple, so, can be applied to many subjects. In various physical and computer etc, have a very wide range of applications, in addition, also in the ordinary differential equations, numerical analysis, optimization theory, the branch of mathematics plays an extremely important role. Therefore, a lot of, Taylor formula. So, to clarify concepts and mathematical principle of Taylor formula. This is the very basis of mathematics of mathematics learning things, the students will play a very good role. The purpose of this thesis, mainly to do research on the application of Taylor theorem in numerical analysis, calculating the function value, using the Taylor formula to calculate the value of Taylor formula, the numerical solution of ordinary differential equation application, from using Taylors formula approximation, the Taylor formula is analyzed in terms of the application in the numerical study. Taylor formula has important applications in the numerical analysis, in-depth study of the application of Taylor formula, for us to solve some complex problems play a multiplier effect. As long as the attention and focus on solving problems of the summary, will be able to use Taylor formula. Using Taylor formula to correct the proof and calculation problems we became fast and simple. Key words: Taylor formula; numerical analysis; application 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 引言 1 2 泰勒公式概述 2 2.1 一元函数的泰勒公式 2 2.2 二元函数的泰勒公式 3 3．泰勒公式在数值分析中的应用 5 3.1利用泰勒公式近似计算函数值 5 3.2 利用泰勒公式近似计算导数值 8 3.3泰勒公式在常微分方程数值求解中的应用 9 3.4 泰勒公式在函数凹凸性及拐点判断中的应