基础血液学红细胞和贫血.pptx

基础血 液 学红细胞与贫血Erythrocyte Anemia;BLOOD;At a Glance;Objectives;Blood Cell Production;Stem cell;Reticulocyte no nucleus no organelles many polyribosomes larger than the mature RBC not concave Normally, 25 billion cells, which is 1% of circulating blood, are reticulocytes In severe anemia, many of these (3%) are released into the blood prematurely. ;骨髓红系定向细胞增殖及其最重要受体的理论模型 EPO：促红细胞生成素；GM-CSF：粒-巨核细胞集落刺激因子；IL3：白介素3； Transferrin: 转铁蛋白；Fibronectin:纤连蛋白;Too few RBCs leads to tissue hypoxia ;Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF);Erythropoietin (EPO（促红细胞生成素）) 34,000 Da, Glycoprotein Released by the kidney in response to hypoxia (hemorrhage（出血）, hemolytic（溶血）, iron deficiency or high altitudes);Regulation of Erythropoiesis;Regulation of Erythropoiesis;Balance between RBC production and destruction depends on Hormonal controls (Erythropoietin, EPO) Adequate supplies of Folic Acid (folate（叶酸）) Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin（氰钴胺） Amino Acids Iron Vitamin B6, pyridoxine（吡哆醇） Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C);1. Erythropoiesis (Disease); ;病因： 1、毒性物质：苯、有机磷 2、病毒感染：EB、肝炎病毒、HIV 3、药物：氯霉素、噻氯匹定 4、自身免疫病：红斑狼疮 5、妊娠 共同发病途径： 细胞毒T细胞自身反应;Anemia of Chronic Renal Disease (慢性肾脏疾病的贫血);Anemia of Chronic Renal Disease (慢性肾脏疾病的贫血);2. Cell Membrane;;Proteins Integral proteins (I， 内在蛋白) Band 3（区带3蛋白，阴离子交换蛋白） Glycophorin （血型糖蛋白） are important for the active transport of solutes across the membrane Peripheral Proteins (P， 周围蛋白) Spectrin （血影蛋白） Actin（肌动蛋白） Ankyrin（锚蛋白） Band 4 （区带4蛋白） membrane skeleton on the inner surface to maintain the biconcave shape of the red cell to strengthens the membrane against sheer force;Proteins Integral proteins (I， 内在蛋白) Band 3（区带3蛋白，阴离子交换蛋白） Glycophorin （血型糖蛋白） are important for the active transport of solutes across the membrane Peripheral Proteins (P， 周围蛋白) Spectrin （血影蛋白） Actin（肌动蛋白） Ankyrin（锚蛋白） Band 4 （区带4蛋白） membrane skeleton on the inner surface to maintain the biconcave shape of the red cell to strengthens the membrane against sheer force;Lipids 60% phospholipid