蜂窝异构网络的性能分析与优化.pdfVIP

摘要 随着移动业务量需求的日益增长，宏蜂窝和小蜂窝混合的异构网络必然将会成为一种满 足需求的重要手段。然而，大范围部署小蜂窝接入点（SAPs，small cell access points ）也会导 致能量消耗的大规模增长，随着环境意识的增强和能源价格的提高，为宏蜂窝和小蜂窝设计 高能效的无线通信系统是至关重要的。首先，本文研究了蜂窝异构网络中的两种流量卸载算 法，分别是 TO （Traffic Offloading ）算法与 TOFFR （Traffic Offloading based on Fractional Frequency Reuse ）算法，并讨论了这两种算法下系统的能量效率与频谱效率。然后，本文研究 了认知 SAPs 的一种分布式睡眠模式策略，分析了小蜂窝的能量消耗，并讨论了小蜂窝的能 量消耗与流量卸载之间的权衡与折衷。我们利用随机几何工具得到SAP 的用户发现性能，然 后得出一个宏蜂窝基站 Voronoi 小区内的小蜂窝的上行链路容量，并将以下引起不确定性的 因素考虑在内：随机位置、密度、用户活动、传播信道、不对等活动引起的网络干扰，以及 传感方案。此外，本文明确了允许鲁棒性检测的情况下对于干扰密度的基本限制，并应用大 偏差理论解释了能量效率与传感时间之间的关系。最后，本文通过几个最优化问题研究了一 种网络设计架构，该架构能够为制定高能量效率的小蜂窝网络提供设计准则。 关键词: 蜂窝异构网络，流量卸载，能量消耗，认知无线电， 绿色通信 I 万方数据 Abstract Heterogeneous networks using a mix of macrocells and small cells are foreseen as one of the solutions to meet the ever increasing mobile traffic demand. Nevertheless, a massive deployment of small cell access points (SAPs) leads also to a considerable increase in energy consumption. Spurred by growing environmental awareness and the high price of energy, it is crucial to design energy efficient wireless systems for both macrocells and small cells. Firstly, this paper presents two traffic offloading algorithms——TO and TOFFR, and then discusses systems energy efficiency and spectral efficiency under these two algorithms. Secondly, this paper evaluates a distributed sleep-mode strategy for cognitive SAPs and analyzes the trade-off between traffic offloading from the macrocell and the energy consumption of the small cells. Using tools from stochastic geometry, this paper defines the user discovery performance of the SAP and derive the uplink capacity of the small cells located in the Voronoi cell of a macrocell base station, accountin