安全视角下英国中小学规划与建筑设计研究-南方建筑.PDF

城乡规划 Urban and Rural Planning / 南方建筑 / South Architecture 2019.1 安全视角下英国中小学规划与建筑设计研究 * Research on Primary and Secondary School Planning and Architectural Design in the UK from the Perspective of Safety 杜宏武 1 ，唐 云2 ，王 擎3 DU Hong-wu，TANG Yun，WANG Qing 摘要　校园安全是内容极其广泛的议题，受到普遍关注。针对中小学校园安全，英国较早地建立了包含政策、法规、 条例、指引等完整的规范体系，拥有丰富的规划设计和建设经验。为了总结学习其先进的设计经验，文章通过文献研 究和数据整理分析的方法，探讨了英国校园安全管理的经验，集中讨论与规划和建筑设计相关的交通安全、校园防卫、 人员集散与建筑消防等主要问题。其多层面全方位谋划，注重风险评估和事后评价，重视经济效益和长效机制，各方 配合形成合力等方面的经验对我国有着重要借鉴价值。 关键词　校园安全；英国中小学；交通安全；校园防卫；安全集散 ABSTRACT　School safety is a wide-ranging topic that has received universal attention. To deal with school safety problems, the British have set up a complete specification system including policies, laws, regulations, codes, guidelines, etc. They have rich experience in planning, design, and construction. In order to summarize, and learn from, their advanced design experience, this paper discusses the UK experience in school safety management through the methods of literature research and data collation and analysis. The discussion of school safety in Britain is from planning and architectural design perspectives and focuses on the main problems such as traffic safety, campus defense, personnel distribution, fire prevention, etc. These British experiences could be important references for China. Multi-level and all-round planning, the emphasis on risk assessment and post- occupancy evaluation, the emphasis on economic benefits and long-term mechanisms, and cooperation among all parties all have important reference value to our country. KEY WORDS　school safety; British primary and secondary schools; traffic safety; campus defense; security distribution * 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目：紧凑型住区休憩空间价值的量化研究—基于珠三角住区规划 控制与设计视角；中国博士后科学基金第 63 批面上项目（2018M633050）：基于长效建筑理论的住宅评价研究—— 以珠江三角洲为例；华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目（x2ysD2156030）。 中图分类