我国城乡教育均衡发展.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 8 我国基础教育城乡均衡发展的期待与展望 姓名：郑静 学号：200921340120 指导老师：刘士民 摘要：经过几十年的教育整合及改革，现阶段我国基础教育发展呈现一番新景象，但是与此同时，教育不公平的现象也随之愈演愈烈，尤其城乡教育配置不公、择校热、师资不稳定等一系列有失教育均衡的恶习已经严重影响基础教育的质量及发展。为此国家积极倡导教育公平公正，加强对基础教育薄弱地区的资金和师资投入，建立和健全教育法制管理，改革基础教育发展模式，合理配置教育资源，促使城乡基础教育均衡发展，使国民共享教育公平。 关键词：城市乡镇 基础教育 均衡发展 Prospect Expectations on Balanced Development of Urban and Rural Areas of Elementary Education in Our Country Abstract: After several decades of educational integration and reform, the development of elementary education in our country has come into a new stage. At the same time, the unfair phenomenon of education become more and more intensified, a series of inappropriate deeds that go against balanced education have been seriously affecting the quality and development of elementary education, especially in the aspects of unfair distribution of education between urban and rural area, choosing school hot and teacher instability. To solve these problems, the government takes a great many measures, including advocates for fairness positively, strengthens the investment of finance and teacher in the areas that poor in elementary education, establishes and improves legal administration of education, changes the development style of elementary education, distributes educational resources rationally, promotes the balanced development of urban and rural education so that citizens can share educational fairness. Keywords: Urban and rural Elementary education Balanced development 1.基础教育均衡发展的含义界定和研究意义 所谓教育均衡发展，是指通过法律法规以及一系列配套政策措施确保给公民或未来公民以同等受教育的权利和义务，通过政策制定及资源配置提供相对均等的教育机会和条件，以客观公正的态度和科学有效的方法实现教育效果和成功机会的相对均衡。①若基础教育非均衡发展，则带来的不仅仅是教育体系本身的不和谐发展，同时也会带来深层次的社会问题。所以，国家应积极地制定相应的措施，以保证现行的基础教育按照全社会均衡发展的道路前进，促进我国教育事业的进步。 2.我国现行基础教育城乡学校不均衡现状及其影响 2.1课程单一，不能实现对学生发展的全面要求 校本课程的开发与进步在城市的基础教育机构已经步入轨道，但是在乡镇是有些学校的校本课程开发与实施基本上还是处于松散、原始的低水平状态。虽然课程表上安排了校本课程课，但是在很大程度上还是用来进行语数课或自习课。②这样一来，使得乡土教材缺乏易处于脱节的境地，与现代社会发展要求的教育层次还有所差距，依旧是停留在以传统的语文、数学为主体的教学体制上，课程开发不系统，缺乏多样性。校本课程开发也不过是一句空话而已。部分教师对校本课程的性质和特征把握不稳，观念模糊，有点甚至