外刊经贸知识阅读--Lesson-2.pptVIP

Stock-taking of the open policy will come later this year when the National People’s Congress discusses the seventh five-year plan, which will run to the end of the decade. 今年晚些时候将会对开放政策进行评估，届时，全国人民代表大会讨论第7个五年计划，该计划将持续到80年代末。 stock-taking 盘货；评估；估量 National Peoples Congress 全国人民代表大会 * 改善工业设备的需求是巨大的：官方数字表明，1980年20%的中国资本设备已经落后西方10-20年，另外的20%----尽管技术落后----操作良好，但其余60%在该报废或更新。据报道，15个沿海区域总的工业产量是全国产量的1/4。 capital stock 实际资本（资本存量） Scrap v.刮（擦）净；除掉 Renovate v. 更新，改进 Combine vt. 使化合；使联合，使结合 Be equal to 相当于 But while the reasons for throwing 19 areas and cities open to foreign investment and technology transfer are clear, how the prefe’rential systems will operate is not. This is due largely to the intensity of competition among the 19, coupled with the inexperience of most local authorities both in making decisions and in dealing with the outside world. However, there are important differences between the SEZs and the coastal cities and even among the coastal cities themselves. 尽管向外资和技术转让而开放19个区域和城市的原因是显而易见的，但是优惠制度将怎样运作却并不清楚。这主要是因为这19个区域的激烈竞争，而大多数地方政府在制定决策和处理对外事务方面缺乏经验。然而，在经济特区和沿海城市之间，甚至这些沿海城市相互之间的差别也很大。 In the SEZs, which are being built almost from scratch, foreigners can invest in anything which the state deems useful for the country, be it, for example, production of goods for export or construction of private-housing estates. These can be joint ventures, cooperative enterprises or wholly foreign-owned operations. Because every factory or business established in the SEZs is new, imports of capital and consumer goods (except cigarettes and liquor) are exempted from customs duties, and a uniform 15% income-tax rate is applied. 在几乎是白手起家的经济特区里，只要中国政府认为对国家有益，外商可对任何项目进行投资，例如出口商品的生产或私人住宅的房地产开发。这些投资可以以合资企业、合作企业或外商独资企业等方式进行。因为经济特区中每一个工厂或企业都是新建的，所以进口资本货物和消费品（烟、酒除外）可以免除海关税，只收取统一的15%税率的所得税。 Scratch 草图，草稿，涂鸦 joint ventures 合资企业 cooperative enterprises 合作企业 wholly foreign-owned operations 外商独资企业 In the coastal cities, only factories where plant is being upgraded