直接引语和间接引语用法讲解56328.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法： 直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。 用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。 Mr. Black said,?“Im busy.” Mr. Black said?that he was busy. 直接引语 陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、???人称的变化 He said , “I?like?it?very much.” →He said?that?he?liked?it?very much. (I改为he, it不变) He said, “You?told?me?this story.”? →He said that?I?had told?him?that story.(You改为I, me改为him, told改为had told) He said to me, “She’s?left?her?book in?your?room”. →He told me that?she had?left?her?book in?my?room. （She’s→she had， her不变，your→my） 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 2、???时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般时和过去时 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时 过去将来时 一般将来进行时 过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时 过去将来完成时 He said, “I usually?watch?TV on Sunday.” →He said that he usually?watched?TV on Sunday. He said, “Im using?the knife.” →He said that he?was using?the knife. She said, “I?have not heard?from him since May.” →She said that she?had not?heard from him since May. He said，“I?came?to help you.” →He said that?he had come?to help me. He said, “I?had finished?my homework before supper.” →He said that he?had finished?his homework before supper. Zhou Lan said, “Ill do?it after class.” →Zhou Lan said that she?would do?it after class. He said,“I?shall be doing?my homework then.” →He said that he?should be doing?his homework then. He said, “We?shall have finished?the work by that time.” →He said that they?should have finished?the work by that time. 注意：直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 The teacher said, “The earth?is?round. ” →The teacher said that the earth?is??round. He said, “I?was?born in Shangdong in 1965.” →He said that he?was?born in Shangdong in 1965. （2）主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来