质点运动的几种典型形式.pptVIP

  • 5
  • 0
  • 约1.76千字
  • 约 16页
  • 2019-07-05 发布于湖北
  • 举报
大学物理 第一章 质点运动学 1-2 质点运动的几种典型形式 大学物理 * 大学物理 一、匀速直线运动(straight line motion with constant velocity) (常数) 二、匀加速直线运动(straight line motion with constant acceleration) (常数) 自由落体运动(freely falling bodies) 三、抛体运动(projectile motion) P O Path equation: 由于空气阻力,实际射程小于最大射程. 求最大射程 当 真空中路径 实际路径 四、圆周运动( circular motion) 1. Angular variables(角量) in circular motion ⑴ Angular position Position function Angular displacement Direction: defined in the direction of advance of a right-handed screw Caution A finite angular displacement is not a vector, an infinite angular displacement is! Reason: (disobey the Commutative law) ⑵ angular velocity angular acceleration ? -rad ? -rad.s-1 ? -rad.s-2 Units: 角速度: 角加速度: Counterclockwise(逆时针): positive direction Clockwise(顺时针) : negative direction Two directions: 2.The intrinsic coordinate system(自然坐标系) Two unit vector are introduced to describe the circular motion: o A is an unit vector tangent (相切)to the circle at A directing to the advance direction and an unit vector is normal to the circle at a (法向 ) directing toward the center O. Hence(所以), the acceleration of particle is : (1-23) Obviously(显然), we have o A Using and , the velocity can be expressed as(表示成): (1-24). It is easy to prove the rate of the tangential unit vector to be equal to t o t+?t ?? Prove: when , we have To summarize(总结), we have and are called the tangential acceleration(切向加速度) and normal acceleration(法向加速度) respectively, and their magnitudes are given by Angle : Magnitude of : ? Changes the magnitude of the velocity; Changes the direction of the velocity. 3. Relation between linear(线) angular variables: r 大学物理 第一章 质点运动学 1-2 质点运动的几种典型形式 大学物理 * 大学物理

文档评论(0)

1亿VIP精品文档

相关文档