Obstacles and Countermeasures in English Listening 英语毕业论文.doc

PAGE 摘 要 英语作为一种国际性的语言，其统治地位是不容置否的。英语在很多人的生活中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了提高英语水平，学习者必须提高他们听、说、读、写的能力。但是，听的能力在英语学习中是最为重要的，因为语言学习是从听开始的。在现实中，听力能力并没有受到口语、阅读和写作那样的重视。因此，有必要提高专业方面和生活方面的听力能力。虽然有很多因素阻碍了英语听力理解的能力，但是最大的障碍是语音知识的匮乏，词汇量的大小，文化背景知识不足，以及某些心里障碍。首先，既然听力能力与口语能力是紧密相连的，词汇的正确发音与否就直接影响到听力水平。因此，掌握一些语音知识尤为必要。另外，虽然大多数学生已经记忆了很多词汇，但是却不能在口语、写作或者听力中有效地使用这些词汇。因此，学生应该增加他们能够听懂、理解，并能在语境中恰当使用的单词的数量。第三，英语学习者应该学习一些相关的文化北京知识，这样才能想理解那些可能与他们自己的文化图式不相符的信息。最后，学生和老师都应该克服一些影响听力水平的心理因素。提高专业英语听力能力和日常生活的听力能力都非常重要，在英语教学中应收到足够大的重视。 关键词：障碍； 听力理解； 克服； 听力理解过程  Abstract The domination of English as an international language is undeniable. As such, English plays a significant role in the life of millions of people. To improve English competency, learners must improve their listening, speaking, reading and writing, but listening plays the most foundational role in learning English because languages are learned by listening. In practice, listening has failed to receive as much attention as reading, writing and translation. It is necessary to improve academic and “real life” listening skills. Although there are many barriers to effective English listening comprehension, the most important obstacles which must be addressed to improve listening comprehension are limited phonetic knowledge, quantity of mastered vocabulary, limited understanding of cultural background, and certain psychological obstacles. First, since speaking and listening abilities are closely related, pronunciation and/or mispronunciation of words will directly affect listening, so it is essential to learn, practice and review phonetic skills while listening. Also, most language students have memorized vast amounts of vocabulary but are unable to use the words effectively in writing, speaking or listening, so students should increase the amount of vocabulary that they are able to hear, understand, and use properly in context. Third, English learners should gain relevant cultural background to understand information that m