雨水对环境的影响培训课件.ppt

Dry-Weather Flows干季水流(Urban Slobber) Sources 源头 Irrigation and wash water 灌溉和清洗用水 Septic leakage 感染性渗漏 Groundwater and pipe leakage 地下水和管道渗漏 Problems with bacteria, metals, nutrients and pesticides 细菌，金属，营养物和杀虫剂问题 Design needs to be very different 需要非常不一样的设计 Toxicity 毒性 Pollutant Impacts on SCMs Assimilative Capacity污染物对雨水控制设施同化能力的影响 Mowing Height 刈割高度 Fertilizers 肥料 Trimming 修建 Weed and Moss Killers 除杂草剂和灭苔藓剂 Pollutant Impacts on SCMs Assimilative Capacity污染物对雨水控制设施同化能力的影响 Questions?提问 * Increased impervious surfaces lead to higher peak flows and reduce infiltration. The result is increased flood frequency, accelerated bank erosion, habitat degradation, reduced interflow and reduced groundwater recharge. Research by Center for Watershed Protection shows as little as 10% impervious cover on a watershed will degrade the water ways. Typically regulatory agencies will not allow the peak flow from a developed site to exceed that peak flows from the site prior to the development. In some cases the peak must be less to start compensating for prior development which does not reduce the peak flows. * Direct discharge can sometimes be have no impact or be beneficial to reduce flooding. This depends on routing through the watershed or direct discharge to rivers or the ocean. Detention attenuates the peak flow by storing water in a pond or tank and releasing it at a reduced rate over time. Retention means that the water is permanently stored and released only through infiltration, evaporation, and/or transpiration Infiltration can be though a surface or sub surface facility. Direct discharge of runoff without treatment to an underground facility can be risky due to solids loading or pollutants such as fuels or oils. Increased water shed capacity can be done through the addition of wetlands or over bank storage to reduce the overall peak flows. * Trash and Debris: sometimes defined as 5mm or greater (LA County) Sediments from Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mea