7月5日B班长难句与英译汉.pptVIP

拆分与组合(操作方法) 1、拆分的法则：语法 ①拆出主句、分清分句 ②拆出主干、分清修饰 2、六个拆分点： ①连词——并列的：and／but／or；从属连词：表因果关系的：because／for／as／so／since ;时间关系连词：when／while／until；条件关系：if；让步关系：though／although。 ②引导词——that／which／who that 只有当引导词时才拆分，当代词时不能拆分 ③介词——in／on／of／with 介词常常构成介词短语做定语或状语 ④分词——现在分词–ing／过去分词-ed 分词常常构成分词短语作定语或状语 ⑤to——to 当不定式的连接符号时，不定式构成不定式短语做定语或状语； ⑥标点——标点断开的常常是一个主干或修饰结构 3、组合的法则：汉语习惯 定语从句 As far as the third factor is concerned, / the history of science shows many instances / in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation; // in some cases /centuries elapsed/ before this resistance was eventually broken down, /as happened in cosmology, /for example. 译文 :至于第三个因素,科学史中有许多事例表明,权威的力量起到这样一种作用：它给进一步的研究设置了一道极其牢固的障碍；在许多情况下,要花上几个世纪的时间才能最终打破这道障碍。例如,在宇宙学中就发生过这样的事。 定语从句 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 定语从句 President Kennedy wanted people /who raised questions, /who criticized, /on whose judgment he could rely,/ who presented an intelligent point of view, /regardless of their rank or viewpoint. 译文：肯尼迪总统需要提问题的人、能提批评意见的人、做出可靠判断的人以及能提出明智看法的人,而不问他们的级别和观点。 分词短语做定语 Additional social tresses may also occur/because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements/— themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. 译文：由于人口的急剧增加或人口的大量流动--现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易--也会给社会带来新的压力。 The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, /combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, /makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. 译文：强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化中采用的跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特而又非常重要的社会科学。 不定式短语作定语 Galileos greatest glory was // that in 1609 he was the first person / to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens 不定式作定语 /to prov