粉末注射成形烧结永磁铁氧体的脱脂工艺研究-北京金属学会.doc

PAGE 7 粉末注射成形烧结永磁铁氧体的脱脂工艺研究 李青华 北矿磁材科技股份有限公司，北京 100067 摘要：采用粉末注射成形技术制备了烧结永磁锶铁氧体，并对其溶剂脱脂和热分解脱脂工艺进行初步研究。研究表明：溶剂温度越高，脱脂时间越长，粘结剂中可溶性组元的脱除率越高，溶剂B比溶剂A的脱脂效果更好。对60 ℃脱脂4h后的坯体进行热脱脂，升温速率为4 ℃/min，最高脱脂温度为480 ℃，此时脱脂缺陷最少，保形性最好，磁体的残余碳含量为0.0064wt%，大大低于国外报道的注射成形铁氧体的残余碳含量。注射成形烧结锶永磁铁氧体的密度为 4.89 g/cm3，剩余磁感应强度Br＝0.398 T，内禀矫顽力Hcj＝236.8 kA/m，最大磁能积( 关键词：注射成形；烧结锶铁氧体；脱脂 Research on Debinding Technology of Sintered Sr-ferrite Permanent Magnet by PIM LI Qing-hua (BGRIMM Magnetic Materials and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100067, China) Abstract: Powder injection molding technology was used for fabricating sintered Sr-ferrite permanent magnets. Solvent extraction and thermal debinding techniques were studied. The removal of the soluble binders increased with the rise of the debinding temperature and the time. The debinding effect in solvent B was better than in solvent A. The sintered Sr-ferrite magnet with a remanence of 3980Gs, a coercive force of 2975Oe and a maximum energy product of 29.2 kJ/m3, was obtained by solvent extraction of 4 hours at 60℃ and thermal debinding with the rate of temperature rise of 4 ℃/min and the highest temperature rise of 480 ℃. In these conditions debinding defects were much less and the shape retention was better. The density of sintered magnet by PIM was 4.89 g/cm3. The content of residual carbon was 64 ppm, which was greatly Keywords: Powder Injection Molding; sintered strontium ferrite; debinding 前言 铁氧体永磁材料被广泛应用于家电、办公用品及汽车等的电机上。随着技术的不断进步，要求磁性器件日趋轻量化、复杂化和小型化。粉末注射成形（Powder Injection Molding，PIM）技术是传统粉末冶金工艺和现代塑料注射成形工艺相结合的一种新技术，被称为“21世纪新型的成型技术”[1]，该技术特别适合于生产高磁性能、复杂形状的小型磁性器件，因而近年来该技术在磁性材料产业的应用中得到较快的发展，目前已成功应用于烧结稀土磁体，如钟表工业步进马达钐钴永磁环，计算机硬盘驱动器的音圈马达钕铁硼永磁环[2]。 粉末注射成形技术的工艺步骤为[1]：磁粉+粘结剂→混炼→磁场注射成形→脱脂→烧结→成品。其中，脱脂主要分为溶剂萃取法和热分解法两种，脱脂过程中注射成形样品极易出现开裂、变形、塌陷等宏观和微观缺陷，脱脂工艺是影响产品质量的关键因素之一[3]。 20世纪末西班牙的Murillo 等人[4]采用注射成形技术制备的烧结锶铁氧体的剩磁达到 0.384T，矫顽力达到256.3kA/m。21世纪初韩国的Lee [5]等人应用该种技术获得了剩磁为 0.413T，矫顽力达到262.4kA/m，最大磁能积为 33.2kJ/m3的烧结锶铁氧体。目前国内对粉末注射成形烧结铁氧体的研究较少，本文研究采用粉末注射成形技术制备烧结永磁铁