的一个重点在於下层的协定提供服务给其上一层.pptVIP

2007/02/17 Transport Layer Outline Functions of Transport Layer Transport Layer Protocols that are in use TCP UDP Transport layer Transport layer Transport layer servicing its upper layer Transport layer relieving its lower layer’s burden Layered protocols 的一個重點在於下層的協定提供服務給其上一層 1. 那 … 思考一下，Application Layer 有  哪些應用？ 2. 你覺得 Transport 需哪些功能以提供這 些應用所需？ Application Layer 有哪些應用？ Facts learned from previous slide … 有很多應用，同時經由網路與遠端另一主機溝通 Can you name a few of these applications? MSN, IE, etc 每種應用的特性不同 Can you name a few of these characteristics? Email vs Internet phone (Skype) First problem:很多應用，同時經由網路與遠端另一主機溝通 … 很多應用，同時經由網路與遠端另一主機溝通 … Can we transport a full chunk of large application data at one time? If not, what would you do? … ?accepts data from different conversations and segments/passes it down to the lower layers as manageable pieces that can be eventually multiplexed over the media. Transport’s primary responsibilities Segmenting data and managing each piece Identifying Tracking individual communication between applications on the source and destination hosts Reassembling the segments (seq. #) into streams of application data Segmentation Segmentation Dividing data into small parts, and sending these parts from the source to the destination, enables many different communications to be interleaved (multiplexed) on the same network. So that you could receive e-mails, chat on instant messenger, view web pages or video at the same time. Tracking multiple streams Identifying the Applications(with port number) Re-assembling segments(with sequence number) 實例：TCP UDP Headers Second problem:每種應用的特性不同 Data Requirements Vary Different applications have different requirements, there are multiple Transport layer protocols. For some applications, segments must arrive in a very specific sequence in order to be processed successfully. In some cases, all of the data must be received for any of it to be of use. In other cases, an application can tolerate