arcgis8-9第8-9课 空间基本操作培训课件.ppt

邻域统计： 滤波 高通滤波 (focal process) 高通滤波用于边界增强 9. 距离分析 基于栅格数据 概念：－－源 距离分析中的目标，是离散的要素，要素可以邻接，但属性必须不同 源可由栅格数据或矢量数据来定义 距离分析－－计算一定区域内的栅格单元到源的距离 Tool Description Corridor Calculates the sum of accumulative costs for two input accumulative cost rasters. Cost Allocation Identifies for each cell the zone of each source cell that could be reached with the least accumulative cost. Cost Back Link Defines the neighbor that is the next cell on the least-accumulative-cost path from a cell to a set of source cells. Cost Distance Calculates for each cell the least accumulative cost distance to the nearest source over a cost surface. Cost Path Calculates the least cost path from a source to a destination. Euclidean Allocation Calculates for each cell its nearest source based on Euclidean distance. Euclidean Direction Calculates for each cell the direction, in degrees, to the nearest source. Euclidean Distance Calculates for each cell the Euclidean distance to the closest source. Path Distance Calculates, for each cell, the least-accumulative-cost distance over a cost surface from a source cell or a set of source cells while accounting for surface distance and horizontal and vertical cost factors. Path Distance Allocation Identifies for each cell the zone of each source cell that could be reached with the least accumulative cost while accounting for surface distance and horizontal and vertical cost factors. Path Distance Back Link Defines the neighbor that is the next cell on the least-accumulative-cost path from a cell to a set of source cells defines the neighbor that is the next cell on the least-accumulative-cost path from a cell to a set of source cells. 表面距离 左图：表面距离 下图：直线距离 线要素直线距离分析 邻近分配 哪些像元距离给定的设施（城市）较近？ 右图－基于路径距离的邻近分配 output cells have the value of the closest input feature 10.栅格计算器 栅格查询 图层叠加分析 栅格查询 同时查询多个栅格图层 构造查询表达式 得到的临时栅格数据（符合表达式的栅格赋值为1） 栅格叠加分析 栅格数据基于相同坐标系统 基于栅格单元（像元）进行; 多个栅格图层中具有相同的X,Y的像元进行运算  输出结果为单一栅格图层，复合了参与运算的各栅格图层的信息 栅格分析 Spatial Analyst 工具栏（需要启用空间分析扩展模块） 栅格计算器－Raste