商务知识导读课件董晓波 ISBN9787566309365 PPTUnit 1 Starting a Business.pptVIP

Unit 1 Starting a Business Text Words Expressions Notes Exercises Supplementary Reading Tips Text How to Launch a Business Abroad 导读：想要在海外拓展业务并不是一件容易的事。首先应当考虑的是，你是否可以合法移民到该国或至少获取长期居留权；同时，您需要提前了解当地的劳工法和商务惯例，注重地域文化环境等。 Key words reduce overhead the cost of living operating costs the financial boon professional contacts a long-term visa leagal immigration the financial trail location scout the local tongue local business practices Words Expressions: Notes: Exercises: Supplementary Reading Thank you! - Self-Appraisal Provides the opportunity for employees to evaluate their own performance and express how they think they’ve performed without being influenced by their supervisor’s judgements. Supervisors also evaluate performance on the same factors and use that as a basis to compare responses. The advantage of this method is that it provides more interaction between supervisors and subordinates, greater agreement on performance expectations, and greater accountability for performance through increased employee participation in the review process. - Subordinate Appraisal of Managers (Upward appraisal) Supervisors are reviewed by those they supervise. Providing anonymity and working with supervisors to handle constructive criticism may guard against Employees’ fear of reprisal, so they can provide feedback on their supervisor’s performance honestly. - Peer This method involves coworkers evaluating an employee. An advantage is that peer appraisal relates more to results than efforts. Disadvantages perceived are that peers are too lenient and tend to give high ratings to friends and low ratings to those they dislike. - Management by Objectives (MBO) MBO is a form of results-oriented appraisal. It requires that both the supervisor and the subordinate agree upon specific objectives in the form of measurable results. An advantage of MBO is that it is a participative approach in which employees have input in setting their own objectives, as well as bei